Experts help you win the college entrance examination | How to balance study and eye protection? College entrance examination candidates, please accept this "eye protection guide"

How can college entrance examination candidates with heavy academic burdens relieve eye fatigue? How can we prevent myopia in daily study and life? Recently, Liu Hongting, deputy director of the refractive department of Aier Eye Hospital affiliated to Wuhan University, was a guest in the live broadcast room of "Experts Help You Win the College Entrance Examination" of Chutian Metropolis Daily and Jimu News, answering questions and solving doubts for candidates and parents.

There is no absolute relationship between the increase in myopia and wearing glasses.

Jimu News: When it comes to myopia, many people hope to prevent it before it happens, so a question that everyone is very concerned about is how to detect whether a child has a tendency to myopia?

Liu Hongting: This is an issue that many parents are concerned about. First of all, we can observe whether the child likes to squint when seeing things, whether he can't help but want to sit closer when watching TV at home, or suddenly likes to blink and rub his eyes. Some children may frown or pull the corners of their eyes in order to see more clearly. If these situations occur, parents should be vigilant and take the child to the hospital for examination in time.

Jimu News: Some parents are worried that their children's eyesight will get worse after wearing glasses, so they don't want to let their children wear glasses. Is this idea scientific?

Liu Hongting: This idea is actually a misunderstanding. In fact, there is no absolute relationship between wearing glasses and the increase of myopia. On the contrary, if children do not wear glasses, they will be easily tired and squint, which will aggravate the development of myopia to some extent. Now there are some functional glasses that can help control myopia through the design of special lenses.

Jimu News: How often is it appropriate for high school students to have an eyesight check?

Liu Hongting: Junior high school and high school are the peak periods for myopia. During the winter and summer vacations, parents can take their children to the hospital for vision tests and scientific medical optometry to assess whether their children have myopia.

Jimu News: High school studies are heavy, and it is easy to get eye fatigue after using the eyes at close range for a long time. How to relieve eye fatigue?

Liu Hongting: If you use your eyes for a long time, the most effective way is to give them a full rest. Usually, you should take a 10-minute break after 30 to 40 minutes. Many junior and senior high school students have time to do eye exercises. At this time, you should fully massage and relax the acupuncture points on your eyes. Some children cannot help but do homework during the break because of their heavy academic workload. We will also remind parents or children to use the 10 minutes between classes to look into the distance and relax their eyes. If you really feel that your eyes are very dry and tired, you can also go to the hospital to get some artificial tears to moisturize your eyes and relieve fatigue.

Children who always stay up late to study may worsen their myopia

Jimu News: Children always stay up late to study. Does lack of sleep affect their myopia?

Liu Hongting: Sleep will definitely affect the progression of myopia. The first reason is that children who sleep less will have less energy during the day and spend less time on outdoor activities. The second reason is that with less sleep time, the time spent using the eyes at night will inevitably increase. In this case, we generally emphasize to parents that their children should arrange their daily sleep time scientifically and reasonably, and it is best to ensure about 8 hours of sleep a day.

Jimu News: When we talk about night, in addition to sleep, we also think about the problem of lighting. Does light have a big impact on vision?

Liu Hongting: Light has a certain impact on the occurrence and development of myopia. Many parents will choose some special reading lights because they are not too bright and not easy to flicker, which is indeed good for the eyes. So I hope that all candidates and parents can appropriately reduce the brightness when using desk lamps at night, but not too dim.

Jimu News: I heard that myopia can cause blindness, is it true?

Liu Hongting: If it is pathological myopia, it will cause some problems with the fundus, such as new blood vessels and bleeding in the macula due to high myopia, retinal holes or detachment. In this case, myopia harms the fundus and can indeed cause serious vision loss or even blindness.

Jimu News: How can we protect our eyesight and prevent myopia in study and life?

Liu Hongting: We have a consensus among industry experts that we should spend two hours outdoors every day, but in fact, the academic pressure on junior high and high school students is very high, and it is difficult to guarantee two hours of outdoor activities every day. So we should pay special attention when using our eyes. First, we should take a 10-minute break every 30 to 40 minutes. Second, when reviewing, many people will involuntarily blink less and stare at one thing for a long time when their attention is more focused, which will increase the probability of dry eyes. In this case, we would recommend that everyone consciously blink more, which may also play a certain role in protecting and moisturizing the eyes. Third, the frequency of use of electronic products is very high now, so we can pay attention to not adjusting the screen contrast too high or too bright, because the light entering the eyes exceeds a certain threshold, which will also cause eye fatigue.

Preoperative examination and postoperative care are both important for myopia surgery

Jimu News: A netizen asked a question in the live broadcast room, saying that his child has been myopic for several years and has consulted about myopia surgery before. Why is the preoperative examination so complicated?

Liu Hongting: Because myopia surgery is also a medical act, there are surgical risks, so we need to check the relevant eye conditions clearly. For example, for laser surgery, we need to check the thickness and shape of the cornea to exclude potential keratoconus. At the same time, we also need to determine the degree. If the child has pseudomyopia, we also need to remove the pseudo part through medical optometry to see how much myopia the child actually has. So this is a more delicate and complicated process, and there are indeed many items that need to be checked. In order to avoid some rare situations, we also need to screen for degeneration, bleeding, and retinal detachment in the fundus. Although the preoperative examination is very complicated, it is also necessary for the safe and effective operation.

Jimu News: Some netizens also asked in the live broadcast room, saying that children have a lot of schoolwork, how long will it take to complete the examination and surgery?

Liu Hongting: The examination usually takes half a day. We usually recommend going to the hospital for an examination in the morning. Half a day is enough for the doctor to understand the overall condition of the eye. If there is no problem, the operation can be performed the next day. The operation only takes 10 minutes, but it takes about 1 hour from entering the operating room to leaving the operating room. Eye drops are also required after the operation, so the operation takes about half a day in total. The follow-up examination on the third day may be faster, about an hour to check the postoperative medication. So basically the cycle is like this, half a day for examination, half a day for surgery, and 1 hour for follow-up.

Jimu News: Since the examination and surgery only take half a day, netizens asked if these two half days can be combined into one day?

Liu Hongting: It is true that many friends from other places hope to have the examination and surgery done on the same day, but from the perspective of medical standards, this is not appropriate, because there are certain bacteria on the surface of the eye, and antibiotic eye drops need to be used preventively for 1 to 3 days before the operation. Therefore, if the examination is just completed on the same day and there is no time to use anti-infection eye drops, this is not appropriate. In addition, there are more than ten examinations on the day of the examination, and the pupil needs to be dilated. In many cases, the eyes have not yet returned to their normal and natural state, so it is not recommended that patients have the examination and surgery on the same day.

Jimu News: A netizen asked, how long will it take to go back to school after having myopia surgery?

Liu Hongting: Myopia surgery is an outpatient surgery, so vision recovery is very fast. The vision on the second day after laser surgery can generally reach about 0.8 to 1.0, and you can return to normal study and life. We generally recommend resting for 2 to 3 days.

Jimu News: Are there any things to pay attention to during the subsequent adjustment process?

Liu Hongting: Regarding postoperative eye care, first, you can wear sunglasses when you are outdoors in places with strong ultraviolet rays, but it is not necessary under natural light indoors; second, the doctor will prescribe postoperative eye drops, and you must apply the eye drops on time and in the right amount; third, although we say that you can work and live normally 2 to 3 days after surgery, some patients may have higher myopia, or some patients are over 38 years old, and it may take a week to a month for them to recover from close vision. Therefore, we recommend that you pay attention to rest when looking at close objects in the short term after surgery, and rest for 10 minutes after looking for 30 minutes. You cannot use your phone for a long time, but normal work will not be affected.

Jimu News: How long will it take to use your eyes normally after surgery, and to what extent can your vision be restored?

Liu Hongting: Many netizens hope that their vision can be restored to 1.2 to 1.5 after surgery, but in fact, the degree of recovery after surgery is related to the degree of glasses you wear before surgery. Most people can reach 1.0 with glasses before surgery, and they can also recover to 1.0 after surgery. A small number of people can recover to 1.2 to 1.5 because of better eye conditions such as the retina. The time required for recovery is also related to each person's eye condition. Generally, people with low and medium degrees only need about one week to one month for their vision to be very good. But for some friends with higher degrees, severe astigmatism and hyperopia, their vision recovery may take about 1 month to slowly stabilize, or even take about 3 months to adjust to slowly relax and stabilize.

Source: Jimu News