Pregnancy Safety | Failed the Sugar Screening Test? You Need This Popular Science

This is the 3781st article of Da Yi Xiao Hu

There is a disease

Affects the health of both mother and baby

It is gestational diabetes

When diabetes strikes during pregnancy

What should a sugar momma do?

With the relaxation of the national birth policy, many mothers are now having second or third children, and the term "gestational diabetes" is appearing more and more frequently in our lives.

According to statistics, the proportion has reached 17%, which means that about 1 in 6 pregnant women is a "sugar mom".

Gestational diabetes (GDM)?

OGTT screening criteria

1. Fasting ≥5.1mmol/L

2. ≥10.0mmol/L 1 hour after taking sugar

3. ≥8.5mmol/L 2 hours after taking sugar

Any of the following conditions can be diagnosed

What is gestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM)?

Diabetes has been diagnosed before pregnancy

◆For those who have not been examined before pregnancy and have high-risk factors, the first prenatal examination (meet any one of the following items)

1. Fasting blood glucose ≥7.0mmol/L

2. 2-hour blood glucose ≥11.1mmol/L

3. Random blood glucose ≥11.1mmol/L (typical symptoms of hyperglycemia or hyperglycemic crisis)

4. Glycated hemoglobin ≥ 6.5%

Susceptible population and high-risk factors?

1. Obesity

2. Old age

3. Polycystic ovary syndrome

4. First-degree relative with type 2 diabetes

5. History of GDM

6. History of delivery of a large-for-gestational-age infant

7. Large-for-gestational-age infants, polyhydramnios, and recurrent vaginal candidiasis

Danger to mother?

Abnormal embryonic development or even death

The incidence of miscarriage is 15-30%

Hypertensive disorders before pregnancy increase 2-4 times

Polyhydramnios increases 10 times

Increased incidence of macrosomia

Dystocia, birth canal injury, cesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage, etc.

The recurrence rate in subsequent pregnancies is 33-69%.

17-63% develop type 2 diabetes

Harm to fetus and newborn?

Giant baby

Intrauterine Growth Retardation

Fetal distress

Intrauterine fetal death

Fetal malformations increased 7-10 times

Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

Neonatal asphyxia

Neonatal hypoglycemia

Shoulder dystocia

Childhood obesity

What are the daily dietary recommendations for sugar moms?

(Both coarse and fine, neither sweet nor salty, five or six meals a day, until 70% to 80% full)

One to two cups of suitable dairy product (250-500ml)

A serving of grain (250-300g) with different coarse and fine grains

A pound of vegetables

One or two fruits

100g soy products

100g meat

1 egg

A certain amount of condiments

A certain amount of water

Healthy diet

What kind of exercise is suitable for diabetic mothers?

Walking, stationary cycling, aerobics, dancing, prenatal gymnastics, prenatal yoga, WAFF exercise, hydrotherapy or water aerobics, etc.

References:

Obstetrics and Gynecology (9th Edition)

2021 Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines for Gestational Diabetes

Written by: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Zhou Weiwei

Reviewer: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bian Zheng

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This article is reprinted from the WeChat public account of "Shanghai Tongren Hospital Obstetrics and Gynecology Department"