HPV vaccination: On the road to eliminating cervical cancer (Part 1)

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among Chinese women aged 15-44. The incidence of cervical cancer has been gradually increasing over the past decade, increasing by 2%-3% per year, and showing a clear trend of younger patients. There are about 25,000 new cases each year.

HPV infection is the culprit that causes cervical cancer, so getting the HPV vaccine is an effective measure to prevent cervical cancer.

What do you want to know most about HPV?

Q1: What is HPV?

First of all, HPV is a virus. There are many types of HPV. Among them, high-risk HPV types such as 16 and 18 are the biggest culprits of cervical cancer and penile cancer. Low-risk HPV types such as 6 and 11 often cause genital warts, which we often call cauliflower disease (high-risk HPV viruses can also cause genital warts). Fortunately, we now have vaccines to prevent these diseases.

Q2: What are the HPV vaccines?

There are three types of HPV vaccines: 2-valent, 4-valent, and 9-valent, and the latter two are the main ones on the market.

Quadrivalent vaccine

1. Suitable for women aged 9-45 years who have not received the vaccine before.

2. It can effectively prevent 4 types of HPV viruses (6, 11, 16, 18). Among them, 6 and 11 are low-risk HPV subtypes, and 16 and 18 are high-risk HPV subtypes that cause more than 70% of cervical cancer.

9-valent HPV vaccine

1. The nine-valent vaccine adds five sub-high-risk virus vaccines on the basis of the four-valent vaccine. It can effectively prevent the following nine types of HPV viruses: 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58.

2. Applicable to women aged 16-26 who have not received the vaccine before. In China, there are strict restrictions on age for vaccination.

Q3: How to administer the HPV vaccine?

The HPV vaccine is given as three doses over six months, usually at months 0, 2, and 6. If you miss one dose, your health care provider will decide when to make up for the missed dose.

Q4: Who should not receive HPV vaccine?

The following groups of people are not suitable for HPV vaccination, so be sure to distinguish them carefully~

01 People with immune system diseases (such as lupus erythematosus) are not suitable for vaccination;

02 Those who have severe allergic reactions to any component of the vaccine are prohibited from vaccination;

03 Vaccination should be postponed if the patient suffers from an acute severe febrile disease;

04 Women who are planning to get pregnant or are already pregnant are not suitable for vaccination. If pregnancy is discovered after vaccination, subsequent vaccinations should be stopped, and other doses can be continued after delivery;

05 After receiving a vaccine (such as the flu vaccine), you should postpone the vaccination for 14 days. If you get the COVID-19 vaccine first, you can wait at least two weeks before getting the HPV vaccine;

06Breastfeeding women are not suitable for vaccination.

Little H's warm reminder:

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Author: Wang Ying Liuzhou, Zhoupu Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Health and Medical College

About the Author

Liuzhou

Director of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhoupu Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Professor of Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, and Adjunct Professor of Hainan Medical College.

Engaged in clinical, teaching and scientific research work in obstetrics and gynecology for 28 years. Professional research direction: gynecological tumors, gynecological minimally invasive techniques and conservative surgery for adenomyosis, and rescue of critical obstetric emergencies.

Clinic hours: Monday afternoon, Thursday morning.

About the Author

Wang Ying

Deputy Chief Physician of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Zhoupu Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Health Medical College. Has been engaged in obstetrics and gynecology for 20 years and has been working in the front line of obstetrics and gynecology for a long time.

In the past 20 years of work experience, I have systematically and comprehensively mastered the diagnosis and treatment principles and measures of common, frequently occurring and difficult and complicated diseases in obstetrics and gynecology. I have accumulated rich clinical experience and advocated the patient-centered working principle in the diagnosis and treatment process. I have good professional ethics and dedication.

Clinic hours: Saturday morning.

Funded by Shanghai Science and Technology Commission's Science Popularization Project

(Project No.: 20DZ2311100)