Are breast nodules reported by color Doppler ultrasound necessarily cancer? What should be done to prevent breast cancer?

During the holidays, I miss my family. When I go back to my hometown during the holidays, have you ever heard your parents, neighbors, and relatives talking about life? As long as they talk about going to the hospital for a physical examination, they may tell you -

"Never go to the hospital for a checkup, or you'll get sick. If you go to the hospital, you'll find something seriously wrong!"

"Ms. Li, who lives next door to us, was forced by her child to have a physical examination. The result showed that she had breast cancer. If she hadn't gone, she would definitely not have the disease."

After that, the WeChat group of the family who love each other immediately "ding dong": What are the cancer-preventing foods? If you don't forward it, you are not a Chinese!

1. Can a doctor determine whether a breast nodule is malignant or benign just by touching it?

"Xiao Hu, you are a doctor, can you feel the nodule on my chest? I heard from others that doctors can tell whether it is malignant or benign just by feeling it!" After saying that, the neighbor aunt rolled up her shirt.

Let me first give you some basic knowledge. Breast nodules are not the name of a disease, but a morphological change that occurs in the breast during examinations with imaging instruments such as color ultrasound. Examples include breast cysts, breast hyperplasia, breast fibroadenoma, mastitis and other lesions. The breast cancer that you fear the most also has breast nodules.

Many people like to call the bags on their breasts breast nodules. Good nodules are nodules, and bad nodules are also nodules. When they see the "nodules" shown on the color Doppler ultrasound report, their hands and feet become weak! It is associated with the word that people are afraid of.

After all, there are all kinds of breast nodules. How can you feel whether there is a problem with the nodule without professional examination equipment? Even if it is considered to be malignant, further examination is required to determine whether surgery can be performed!

2. I’m unlucky and my breast nodules are confirmed to be cancer. Should I continue to eat and drink?

"In 2020, the number of new cases of breast cancer worldwide reached 2.26 million, while the number of new cases of lung cancer was 2.2 million. Breast cancer officially replaced lung cancer as the world's number one cancer." This is the news in the "2020 Global Cancer Report" released this year by the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer, which makes female friends more worried.

Here are 5 typical symptoms:

1. Breast lumps; 2. Nipple discharge; 3. Skin changes; 4. Abnormalities of the nipple and areola; 5. Enlarged axillary lymph nodes.

Currently, early screening has become an important means to improve the prognosis of breast cancer and reduce the mortality rate of breast cancer. Early screening, early diagnosis, and early treatment can keep breast cancer away from fear!

If it is early breast cancer, early surgery, good postoperative treatment, and even no radiotherapy or chemotherapy are needed, the survival rate is very high. We have seen an 80-year-old woman who can still play cards for two hours every day after surgery.

Even if your luck is bad and it is in the late stage, don't be too pessimistic. There are more and more methods to treat breast cancer now. If you have a good attitude, the disease will heal faster!

3. Can men get breast cancer? Male breast cancer is rare, so what "signal lights" does the body release?

My neighbor, Sister Zhang, pulled me aside and said mysteriously, "Let me tell you a piece of news. A man in our village has breast cancer. Do you think it's funny?"

I asked, “How did he find out?”

Lao Zhang: "My clothes were always wet. I thought it was sweat at first, but later I found out it was from my nipples."

Male breast cancer accounts for about 1% of all breast cancer patients, which is a small proportion. Studies have shown that male breast cancer has a worse prognosis than female breast patients due to later diagnosis and older age. Most male breast cancers usually present as painless, retroareolar lumps, and other symptoms may include nipple retraction, nipple bleeding, skin ulcers, and palpable axillary lymphadenopathy.

If a first-degree relative has breast cancer, especially if there is a BRCA1/2 gene mutation, healthy men should pay special attention to male breast cancer.

Hyperestrogenism and an imbalance of estrogen and androgen in men can increase the risk of breast cancer in men. Factors such as obesity, marijuana use, thyroid disease, Crohn's syndrome, or estrogen therapy for male-to-female transsexuals can increase estrogen levels in men, which can be a hidden danger of breast cancer.

4. Prevent breast cancer by changing your lifestyle

(1) Make reasonable arrangements for pregnancy and childbirth. Being unmarried at an advanced age and giving birth for the first time at an advanced age are high-risk factors for breast cancer;

(2) Prolonging breastfeeding is beneficial to both yourself and your child. I hope married women can persist;

(3) Control your weight and exercise moderately. Exercising 5 days a week (30 minutes a day) can reduce the incidence of breast cancer by 30%. Even the simplest "walking" can keep you away from breast cancer.

(4) Eat a healthy diet and get good sleep. Drink less sugary drinks, reduce your intake of red meat, and eat more fresh vegetables and fruits;

(5) Wear underwear that fits you well and avoid hormones. Try not to consume placenta or placenta extracts made from placenta. Royal jelly also contains a lot of substances with estrogenic activity, so consume it with caution.

(6) Avoid radiation and maintain a good attitude;

(7) Scientific self-examination and regular physical examinations: See a doctor as soon as possible if you find symptoms such as breast lumps, nipple discharge, nipple retraction changes, local breast skin bulges or depressions, etc.

5. Winter is coming, go for a health check-up with your lover!

(1) For the general risk group, routine screening can be performed through relatively simple items, namely surgery and breast color Doppler ultrasound. If abnormalities are found, in-depth screening such as ABVS or breast mammography can be performed.

(2) Combined screening is recommended for high-risk groups:

Breast palpation (surgery), breast ultrasound + ABVS or breast palpation (female surgery), breast ultrasound + breast mammography.

(3) Many patients often see descriptions of breast nodules and BI-RADS grading in their reports.

BI-RADS classification (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System) evaluates the malignancy possibility of a tumor based on the imaging description of the tumor, such as its boundaries, texture, and blood supply.

Among them, categories 1 and 2 have no possibility of malignant lesions, category 3 has <2% possibility of malignant tumors, category 4 has 2%-95% possibility of malignancy, category 5 has >95% possibility of malignancy, and category 6 has pathologically confirmed malignant tumors.