Myopia Prevention and Control Guidelines (I) | Preschool Stage

In order to improve the improvement rate of children and adolescents' eye behavior and the awareness rate of myopia prevention and control knowledge, the Ministry of Education has developed and issued the "Guidelines for Myopia Prevention and Control in Preschool, Primary School, Middle School and Other Different Stages". We all know that the key points of myopia prevention and control for children and adolescents in different stages are different. Today, let's take a look at what should be done in the preschool stage?

Preschool stage (0-6 years old)

Infants are hyperopic when they are born. During the 0-6 years old period, the child's visual system is in a critical stage of rapid development from "hyperopia" to "emmetropia". Protecting the child's vision health should be scientifically guided with the goal of letting them grow up happily.

1. Outdoor activities are important, and sunbathing can prevent myopia

0-6 years old is the critical period for early myopia prevention and control. Outdoor activities can effectively prevent and control myopia. Kindergarten teachers and parents should encourage and lead children to participate in outdoor activities or simple sports for fun, and ensure that they spend more than two hours outdoors every day. Pay attention to preventing sunburn and other accidental injuries during outdoor activities.

2. Electronic screens should be strictly controlled, as premature use may cause eye damage

During the critical period of eye development for young children, excessive exposure to electronic screens can cause irreversible eye damage. It is recommended that children aged 0-3 years old should not use mobile phones, computers and other video electronic products, and children aged 3-6 years old should also avoid contact and use as much as possible. Childcare institutions should try to avoid using electronic screens for teaching.

3. Stay away from elementary school-style preschool education and focus on experiencing and enjoying growth

Preschoolers should not read or write, and avoid putting too much pressure on learning. We should actively stay away from the tendency of kindergartens to be like primary schools, let children grow up happily, and make full use of various senses to explore and experience. In close-up scenes, the distance should be kept at more than 50 cm. For children learning musical instruments such as piano, the font size of the music sheet should be as large as possible, and the ambient light brightness should be guaranteed during practice. Each continuous practice time should not exceed 20 minutes.

4. Get 10 hours of sleep and eat a variety of nutritious foods

The nutritional level and sleep quality of young children are closely related to their physical fitness in adulthood. They should pay attention to maintaining a regular and healthy lifestyle. They should get enough sleep for more than 10 hours a day. They should pay attention to a balanced diet, eat more fruits and vegetables, and eat less sweets and fried foods.

5. Pay close attention to eye health and keep records from an early age

Parents should always pay attention to their children's eye health and take the initiative to conduct vision screening during the newborn health check-up. Timely establish a refractive development file for the child, regularly monitor vision and refractive development every 3-6 months after the age of three, and seek medical attention in time if abnormalities are found. Pay attention to eye health examinations before kindergarten. Parents can teach their children to test their vision using a vision chart at home, so as to achieve early monitoring, early detection, early warning, and early intervention.

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Children's Vision Health Science Popularization Base in China

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