How to read the periodic table? Which are the main groups in the periodic table?

When learning the periodic table of chemical elements, we will encounter the concept of main group, which specifically refers to the group composed of short-period elements and long-period elements. So which are the main groups in the periodic table? How to read the periodic table? How to quickly memorize the periodic table of chemical elements? Next, we will share them with you in detail one by one.

Contents of this article

1. How to read the periodic table

2. Which are the main groups in the periodic table?

3. How to quickly memorize the periodic table of chemical elements

How to read the periodic table

1. First of all, you need to know that the periodic table starts from the upper left corner and ends at the lower right corner.

2. There are 18 columns in the periodic table, each of which is an element family.

3. Each row in the periodic table is a period, and there are 7 periods in total.

The periodic table of chemical elements is a list of chemical elements sorted from smallest to largest according to their nuclear charge number. The list is generally rectangular, with spaces left in some periods so that elements with similar properties are grouped in the same group, such as alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogen elements, rare gases, etc.

What are the main groups in the periodic table?

Main group: The group composed of short-period elements and long-period elements is called the main group. The representation method is: the first main group (IA), the second main group (IIA), and so on. The main group number = the number of outermost electrons = the highest positive valence = 8-|negative valence|. The A at the top of the periodic table indicates the main group, and the seven elements IA, IIA, IIIA, IVA, VA, VIA, and VIIA are all main groups. The B at the top indicates the sub-group, and the seven sub-groups are IIIB, IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, IB, and IIB. The top is marked with only VIII, which is the eighth group. The eighth group has three columns. The eighth group does not belong to the main group or the sub-group. The 0 at the top is group 0, including seven elements: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, and Rn.

How to quickly memorize the periodic table of chemical elements

Here’s how:

1. Break the whole into parts and disperse the memory: Start with common element symbols, adopt the strategy of breaking the whole into parts, and carry out conscious memory in different categories and from multiple angles.

2. For easily confused symbols, use contrast to remember them: For element symbols that consist of two letters and have the same first capital letter, list them separately and use contrast to strengthen your memory.

3. Compile poems and memorize rhymes.

4. The best elements, inductive memory.