Definition of postpartum hemorrhage

Although clinical delivery technology is relatively mature, due to women's physical conditions, some women may face risks during delivery or experience bleeding after delivery. These problems are still relatively common. Women must pay attention when they experience postpartum hemorrhage. In severe cases, it may be life-threatening. So what is the definition of postpartum hemorrhage?

1. Postpartum hemorrhage refers to vaginal bleeding exceeding 500 ml within 24 hours after the delivery of the fetus, commonly known as postpartum hemorrhage or postpartum hemorrhage. Postpartum hemorrhage is a serious complication of childbirth and ranks first among the four major causes of maternal death in my country. The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage accounts for 2%-3% of the total number of deliveries. Due to the large subjective factors in measuring and collecting blood volume, the estimated blood loss is usually only half of the actual blood loss, so the actual incidence is higher.

2. The causes of postpartum hemorrhage are uterine atony, placental factors, soft birth canal laceration and coagulation dysfunction. These factors can be causal and influence each other. Postpartum hemorrhage is mainly manifested as vaginal bleeding or accompanied by complications caused by excessive blood loss such as shock, anemia, etc. The effect of bleeding depends largely on nonpregnant blood volume, how much blood volume increases during pregnancy, and the degree of anemia at delivery. If vaginal bleeding is excessive or in small amounts for a long time, the mother may experience symptoms of shock, such as dizziness, pale face, weak pulse, and low blood pressure.

3. The principles for treating postpartum hemorrhage are to target the cause, stop bleeding quickly, replenish blood volume, correct shock, and prevent and treat infection. Postpartum hemorrhage requires rapid and effective blood volume replacement. Seize the opportunity for rescue, establish a dual-pathway intravenous access, use indwelling needles as much as possible, and closely monitor changes in vital signs such as blood pressure, pulse, respiration, skin color, and expression. The correct intravenous infusion speed should be mastered according to the patient's condition. While rapidly infusing, attention should be paid to the mother's subjective symptoms to avoid acute pulmonary edema caused by excessive infusion too quickly. Keep the airway open and inhale oxygen effectively and promptly. It is best to give oxygen via mask with a flow rate of 4-6L/min. Observe the effect of oxygen therapy, such as whether the complexion and nails are rosy and whether the breathing is steady.