Colposcopic cervical biopsy

Colposcopy has a very intuitive effect on cervical biopsy. After completing this examination, you will find that some types of diseases occurring in your cervix can be known through this examination, and you will not be misdiagnosed. In addition, before the examination, it is best for the patient to hold his urine, which will make the examination process smoother and the results more accurate.

1. Cervical and endocervical canal biopsy is the most reliable and indispensable method for diagnosing cervical cancer and its precancerous lesions. The following points should be noted during cervical biopsy:

① It is advisable to perform multiple-point biopsy under iodine staining or colposcopy.

② The materials include the lesion and surrounding tissues, including both epithelial tissue and mesenchymal tissue.

③ Repeat biopsy or incisional biopsy should be performed when clinical or cytological suspicion is present.

2. Endocervical curettage, scraping the endocervical lining tissue for pathological examination, helps to determine whether there are lesions in the endocervical canal and whether CIN or cancer involves the endocervical canal, but there is currently no consensus on whether it should be a routine examination. Indications for endocervical curettage are:

① Pre- and postmenopausal women with abnormal cytology or clinical suspicion, especially when adenocarcinoma is suspected.

② Colposcopic lesions involve the cervical canal.

③ Those with multiple positive or suspicious cytology results, negative or unsatisfactory colposcopy, or negative colposcopy biopsy.

3. Cervical cone excision is a traditional and reliable diagnostic method for cervical cancer. When cervical smears are positive for multiple times but cervical biopsy is negative; or when the biopsy is carcinoma in situ but invasive cancer cannot be ruled out, cervical conization should be performed. Due to the widespread use of colposcopy, the number of diagnostic conizations has decreased significantly. It is believed that colposcopic biopsy and cervical conization have equivalent roles in diagnosing CIN and invasive cervical cancer.

4. Circular electrosurgical excision of the cervix and large circular excision of the transformation zone are new diagnostic and treatment methods for CIN and early invasive cancer. Its indications are:

① Dissatisfied with vaginal examination.

② Endocervical curettage is positive.

③The results of cytology and cervical biopsy are inconsistent.

④ The lesion is severe, such as severe atypical hyperplasia or cytological changes suggesting invasive changes. However, this diagnostic method has obvious thermal damage effects, and whether it is suitable for the early diagnosis of cervical cancer needs further study.