Can pelvic inflammatory disease cause pregnancy?

If the pelvic inflammatory disease is not cured in time, it will make it difficult for many female friends to get pregnant in the future, and even lead to infertility. This is the most common complication of pelvic inflammatory disease. Then you can only take examinations and carry out the next treatment based on the results of the examination. Therefore, in order to prevent infertility complications, it is necessary to cure it as soon as possible.

A preliminary diagnosis can be made based on medical history, symptoms, signs and laboratory tests. Due to the wide variation in clinical manifestations of pelvic inflammatory disease, the accuracy of clinical diagnosis is not high (compared with laparoscopy, the positive predictive value is 65% to 90%). The ideal diagnostic criteria for pelvic inflammatory disease should be sensitive enough to detect mild cases and specific enough to avoid the use of antibiotics in non-inflammatory patients. However, there is currently no single medical history, physical sign, or laboratory test that is both sensitive and specific. Because it is difficult to correctly diagnose pelvic inflammatory disease clinically, delayed diagnosis leads to the occurrence of sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease.

The diagnostic criteria for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) recommended by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in 2010 (Table 24-1) are intended to raise awareness of pelvic inflammatory disease in young women with abdominal pain or abnormal vaginal discharge or irregular vaginal bleeding, to further evaluate suspected patients, to provide timely treatment, and to reduce the occurrence of sequelae. The minimum diagnostic criteria suggest that in sexually active young women or those at high risk of sexually transmitted diseases, if they have lower abdominal pain and other causes of lower abdominal pain can be ruled out, and the gynecological examination meets the minimum diagnostic criteria, empirical antibiotic treatment can be given.

Additional criteria can increase the specificity of the diagnosis. Most patients with pelvic inflammatory disease have mucopurulent cervical discharge or a large number of white blood cells in a 0.9% sodium chloride wet mount of vaginal discharge. If the cervical discharge is normal and no white blood cells are seen in vaginal discharge under the microscope, the diagnosis of cellular pelvic inflammatory disease should be made with caution, and other diseases that cause abdominal pain should be considered.

Vaginal secretion examination can also detect vaginal infections, such as bacterial vaginosis and Trichomonas vaginitis. Specific criteria can basically diagnose pelvic inflammatory disease, but because all examinations except B-type ultrasound examination are invasive or costly, specific criteria are only applicable to some selected cases.