How to have a spontaneous abortion when you are pregnant

If people do not want the fetus in their abdomen when they are just pregnant, they can undergo surgery as soon as possible to avoid the possibility of childbirth. However, it is best to have a natural abortion, which is relatively less harmful to your body. Especially for some pregnant women in the early stages of pregnancy, this surgical method is very effective and generally does not cause any sequelae.

More than 80% of miscarriages occur within 12 weeks of pregnancy, after which the miscarriage rate drops rapidly. At least half of early miscarriages are caused by chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus. The risk of spontaneous abortion increases with parity and parental age. Common causes of miscarriage include:

1. Chromosomal abnormalities

Including chromosomal abnormalities of the couple and chromosomal abnormalities of the embryo. Common chromosomal abnormalities in couples include balanced translocation, Robertsonian translocation, etc. Among the chromosomal abnormalities in embryos, triploidy is the most common, followed by polyploidy, X monosomy, autosomal monosomy, balanced chromosomal translocation, deletion, mosaicism, inversion, duplication, etc. The incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in couples with recurrent spontaneous abortion is 4%, while that in the normal population is 0.2%, with the ratio of maternal to paternal abnormalities being 3:1. The main cause of spontaneous abortion is chromosomal abnormality of the embryo. The incidence of chromosomal abnormality of the embryo decreases with the increase of the number of abortions.

2. Maternal endocrine disorders

(1) Luteal insufficiency accounts for 23% to 60%. The basal body temperature is biphasic, but the high temperature phase is less than 11 days, or the high and low temperature difference is less than 0.3°C. Endometrial biopsy shows that the secretory response is at least 2 days late. The progesterone in the luteal phase is lower than 15 ng/ml, causing poor decidual reaction of pregnancy. The luteal function test shows insufficiency for 2 to 3 cycles before it can be included in the diagnosis. Luteal insufficiency affects the implantation of the fertilized egg.

(2) The high concentration of luteinizing hormone, high androgen and high insulinemia in polycystic ovary syndrome reduce the quality of eggs and endometrial receptivity, which can easily lead to miscarriage.

(3) Hyperprolactinemia has prolactin receptors in luteal cells. High prolactin inhibits luteinization of granulosa cells and steroid hormones, leading to luteal insufficiency and decreased egg quality.

(4) Thyroid disease: Hypothyroidism is associated with recurrent spontaneous abortion.

(5) Subclinical diabetes or well-controlled diabetes will not lead to miscarriage, but the spontaneous abortion rate is increased in uncontrolled insulin-dependent diabetes.

3. Abnormalities of the maternal reproductive tract

(1) Uterine malformations include unicornuate uterus, bicornuate uterus, didelphys and uterine septate. Among them, incomplete uterine septate is most likely to lead to miscarriage and premature birth. This is mainly due to the poor development of the endometrium in the mediastinum, insensitivity to steroid hormones and poor blood supply.

(2) In Asherman syndrome, the uterine cavity is reduced in size and the response to steroid hormones is decreased.

(3) Cervical incompetence causes late miscarriage and premature birth and is the main cause of mid-pregnancy miscarriage.

(4) Uterine fibroids: Submucosal fibroids and intramyeliomyomas larger than 5 cm are associated with miscarriage.

4. Reproductive tract infection

Patients with bacterial vaginosis have an increased incidence of miscarriage and premature birth in late pregnancy, and endometritis or cervicitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and Ureaplasma urealyticum can lead to miscarriage.

5. Others

Unhealthy lifestyles are associated with miscarriage. Some scholars have reported that women who smoke more than 14 cigarettes a day have a two-fold increased risk of miscarriage compared to the control group. The effects of alcoholism, excessive caffeine consumption, and environmental factors such as organic solvents and poisons.