How to treat amenorrhea and galactorrhea syndrome?

When amenorrhea occurs, physical factors should be considered first, and some pathological factors should also be considered. For example, hyperprolactinemia occurs in postpartum women, which can lead to amenorrhea. Many women have no idea what is going on when they experience amenorrhea. At this time, it is best to go to the hospital for a detailed examination and then receive timely treatment. Pay attention to related matters in daily life, such as not staying up late, etc. For amenorrhea and galactorrhea syndrome, you can take the following treatments.

How to treat amenorrhea and galactorrhea syndrome?

After diagnosis, the cause should be identified and timely treatment should be given. Treatment methods include medication, surgery and radiotherapy.

1. Medication

(1) Those caused by drugs (including oral contraceptives) can generally recover naturally after stopping the drugs. If menstruation has not resumed after six months of stopping the drugs, medication can be used for treatment.

(2) Patients with primary hypothyroidism should be treated with thyroxine replacement therapy.

(3) Bromocriptine is a polypeptide ergot alkaloid that selectively stimulates dopamine receptors and can effectively reduce prolactin in patients with hyperprolactinemia. Bromocriptine can inhibit the increase of prolactin levels caused by either functional or tumor. Bromocriptine treatment can reduce tumor size and restore menstruation and fertility in women with amenorrhea and galactorrhea.

2. Surgery

When medical treatment is ineffective or when the tumor causes significant compression and neurological symptoms, surgical removal of the tumor should be considered. Taking bromocriptine for a short period of time before surgery can shrink pituitary tumors, reduce intraoperative bleeding, and help improve the efficacy of the treatment.

3. Radiation therapy

It is used for those who cannot adhere to or tolerate drug treatment, those who are unwilling to undergo surgery, and those who cannot tolerate surgery. It can be used for patients with surgically unresectable or recurrent tumors. Radiotherapy is slow to show effects and may cause complications such as hypopituitarism, optic nerve damage, and tumor induction. Radiotherapy alone is not recommended.

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1. Hematological examination

(1) In pituitary function tests, normal PRL levels in non-pregnant women generally do not exceed 20 μg/L. When PRL>25 μg/L, hyperprolactinemia can be diagnosed. FSH and LH are often decreased, and the LH/FSH ratio is increased. GH, TSH, and ACTH are measured according to the condition.

(2) Ovarian function tests show that blood E2 and progesterone levels are low. Measuring E2 can accurately determine the patient's estrogen secretion status. Progesterone measurement is only used for patients with galactorrhea but not amenorrhea, and is unnecessary for patients with amenorrhea and galactorrhea. Testosterone levels may increase in patients with hyperprolactinemia and hirsutism.

(3) When thyroid function tests are combined with hypothyroidism, T3 and T4 are decreased and TSH is increased.

2. Imaging examination

(1) Sella X-ray examination In the past, the diagnosis of pituitary adenomas relied on the use of a searchlight cone to illuminate the sella turcica downward during standard cranial X-ray imaging.

(2) CT examination provides useful information on tumor size, but may have limited application in terms of the bone texture of the tumor.

(3) Magnetic resonance imaging (MR) has become the main imaging examination method due to its high sensitivity and excellent spatial resolution.

3. Fundus examination

Fundus and visual field examinations help determine the size and location of pituitary adenomas.