What is the anti-endometrial antibody test?

Anti-uterine wall antigen (EMAb) is an autoantibody that uses the uterine wall as a target antigen and causes a series of immune responses. It has been reported that the detection rate of anti-uterine wall antigen in the blood of women with endometriosis and infertility is significantly higher than that in normal women. Among them, the detection rate of EMAb in endometriosis blood cells reaches 70%-80%. Clinical experiments have shown that disordered uterine wall is antigenic and can induce the body to produce anti-uterine wall antigens.

Anti-uterine wall antigen

There are two aspects to the formation of anti-uterine wall antigen (EMAb): on the one hand, it is due to the disorder of the uterine wall irritation system; on the other hand, it is the disorder of the body's immune system (autoimmune deficiency).

During abortion surgery with curettage, the gestational sac may also act as an antigen to stimulate the body to produce antibodies.

When the female uterine wall is inflamed, it may also be converted into antigens or haptens, stimulating the body itself to produce corresponding antigens.

The uterine wall is where the fertilized egg implants and grows, but in pathological conditions, such as endometritis, endometriosis and adenomyosis, it can be converted into antigens or haptens, stimulating the body to produce corresponding antigens.

The uterine wall of female friends is the area where the test tube embryo implants successfully and grows healthily. If it is in a pathological state, such as endometritis, endometriosis and other related diseases, it may gradually transform into antigens or haptens, thereby stimulating the female body itself to produce corresponding antigens, affecting the patient's health.

Under normal circumstances, when a woman undergoes an abortion or curettage, the gestational sac can also serve as an antigen to stimulate the body to produce antibodies. If the woman's body has anti-uterine wall antigens, it can cause infertility, pregnancy arrest or miscarriage. Many female friends cannot get pregnant again because they had an abortion during their first pregnancy. Most of these secondary infertility patients are due to the production of antigens in the body, which is usually seen in patients with diseases such as endometriosis. Some patients with this disease will also experience menstrual pain.

Anti-uterine wall antigen infertility

A normal body has its own hormonal regulation function, which produces weak autoantibodies to help eliminate the body's own degenerative components. Once the human immune system causes excessive immune response to its own tissues due to some reasons, it will produce a series of overly strong immune reactions, leading to an increase in the immune-specific cells of the invaded tissues and the accumulation of immune complexes, resulting in functional changes.

Immune system disease infertility caused by anti-uterine wall antigen is a relative definition, which means that the immune system reduces fertility and temporarily causes infertility. Whether the infertility situation can persist depends on the interaction between immunity and fertility. If immunity is stronger than fertility, infertility will occur. If the latter is stronger than the former, pregnancy will occur. Infertility often occurs due to the coexistence of multiple factors. Immune factors can also be the sole cause of infertility or coexist with other causes.