What does gynecological examination for HPV check?

When it comes to HPV, many people may not know much about it, but many people have heard of sexually transmitted diseases. Although HPV infection may trigger a systemic reaction, if it is a female genital infection, the most common is gynecological disease. There are many types of HPV, HPV16 and HPV18 are the main causes of cervical cancer. We usually say that gynecological examination includes HPV examination, which is an important basis for excluding cervical cancer.

HPV: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a virus in the human body, belonging to the genus Papillomavirus (family Papillomaviridae). It manifests as symptoms such as common warts and genital warts (condyloma acuminatum).

On October 27, 2017, the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer published a preliminary list of carcinogens for reference. Human papillomavirus types 6 and 11, human papillomavirus β (except types 5 and 8) and γ are on the list of three categories of carcinogens.

HPV should be checked regularly. Regular checks are beneficial. It is human papillomavirus, which can easily cause cervical cancer. But you don't have to worry. Cervical cancer is not terrible. It is the only cancer that can be effectively prevented, detected in time, and treated early among all cancers. Women who have sex can start HPV DNA testing after the age of 30. A negative test result means that you are not infected with HPV, so there is no risk of cervical cancer for a long time.

Reproductive tract infection with HPV: The most common types are 16, 18, 6, and 11. HPV types 6 and 11 often infect the vulva, anus, vagina and other parts of the body. They are low-risk types and are more common in women with condyloma or low-grade cervical intraepithelial lesions. They have no obvious association with invasive cervical cancer. Types 16 and 18 are high-risk types. Studies on cervical cancer tissue specimens from all over the world found that HPV16 and 18 had the highest infection rates. Among all the types detected, HPV16 accounted for 50%, HPV18 accounted for 14%, HPV45 accounted for 8%, HPV31 accounted for 5%, and other types of HPV accounted for 23%. The type of HPV is related to the pathological type of cervical cancer. HPV16 is predominant in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (51% of squamous cell carcinoma specimens), while HPV18 is predominant in cervical glandular cell carcinoma (56% of glandular cell carcinoma specimens) and cervical adenosquamous cell carcinoma (39% of adenosquamous cell carcinoma specimens). HPV16 and 18 infections are very common, with no obvious regional differences; some HPV types do vary by geographical location. Among the HPV infection types in China, the detection rates of types 52 and 58 are relatively high. A study conducted in Taiwan also showed that types 52 and 58 were more common. HPV45 is common in cervical cancer tissues in West Africa, while HPV39 and 59 are only found in cervical cancer tissues in Central and South America.