What are the clinical manifestations of uterine atrophy?

Uterine atrophy can be divided into two main categories, including physiological atrophy and pathological atrophy. The so-called physiological atrophy refers to the natural atrophy of the uterus when a woman reaches a certain age, while pathological atrophy is mainly caused by disease. Uterine atrophy will show certain symptoms, such as abnormal menstruation, female infertility, etc.

1. Abnormal menstruation:

Patients with congenital absence of uterus or primordial uterus have no menstruation. Patients with immature uterus may have no menstruation, or may have symptoms such as oligomenorrhea, delayed menstruation, dysmenorrhea, and irregular menstruation; patients with double uterus or bicornuate uterus often have excessive menstrual flow and prolonged menstrual duration.

2. Infertility

Uterine hypoplasia, such as absence of uterus, primordial uterus, and infantile uterus, is often one of the main causes of infertility.

(III) Pathological pregnancy:

An abnormally developed uterus often causes miscarriage, premature birth or abnormal fetal position after pregnancy. Spontaneous uterine rupture may occur during pregnancy. If the fallopian tube of the rudimentary uterine horn is unobstructed, the fertilized egg can implant in the rudimentary horn of the uterus. However, due to the poor development of the uterine muscle layer, it often ruptures during pregnancy, and the symptoms are the same as those of ectopic pregnancy.

4. Pathology during and after delivery:

A malformed uterus often coexists with myometrial dysplasia. During delivery, abnormal labor force and difficulty in cervical dilation may lead to difficult labor or even uterine rupture. Vaginal delivery may result in retained placenta, postpartum hemorrhage, or postpartum infection. After a patient with double uterus becomes pregnant, the pregnant uterus grows and develops, and if the non-pregnant uterus is located in the rectouterine fossa, it may cause obstructive dystocia during delivery. Patients with double uterus, bicornuate uterus or septate uterus may experience bleeding after delivery due to the discharge of decidua from the non-pregnant side of the uterine cavity.