What are the side effects of IUD insertion?

In recent years, as people's desire to have children has decreased, many people have begun to pay attention to contraception in their lives. There are many methods of contraception, including the use of IUDs and direct sterilization, but these are temporary measures and can easily be changed by unexpected circumstances. Therefore, many women choose to use IUD as a long-term method of contraception. However, IUD insertion has certain side effects. Let’s take a look at what the side effects are.

After women have an IUD inserted, they sometimes experience side effects of varying degrees. Generally speaking, there are two main side effects after IUD insertion:

The first is bleeding. A small amount of bleeding in the short term after the placement of the ring is due to the abrasion of the endometrium when the contraceptive ring is placed. The bleeding usually lasts for a few days, and the amount of blood does not exceed the menstrual volume, so no treatment is required. If the IUD is inserted in the second half of the menstrual cycle, because the endometrium is in the secretory phase, the endometrium is thickened and rich in blood vessels, bleeding may be more, so the IUD should be inserted within 3 to 7 days after the menstruation ends. After the IUD is inserted, some women will experience increased menstruation, some have prolonged menstruation, and some have mixed blood and heavy vaginal discharge. Studies have shown that this is because the IUD stimulates the endometrium, causing histochemical changes and producing local coagulation disorders. The incidence of bleeding is also related to the material of the IUD. Plastic and copper-containing IUDs have a higher incidence of bleeding, while metal rings have a lower incidence, and those containing progesterone have the lowest. The treatment method for bleeding is to clinically use antifibrinolytic drugs such as 6-aminoacetic acid and vitamin K, anloxin, hemostatics, etc. to reduce the amount of bleeding.

The second most common side effect is lower extremity or lower back pain. The contraceptive ring placed in the uterus is a "foreign body" to the uterus, especially when the ring is too large or positioned low. The uterus contracts to expel this "foreign body", causing uterine contraction pain, which is clinically manifested as lower abdominal pain and back pain. The above symptoms often occur in the early stages of IUD insertion. They can be treated symptomatically with painkillers, and usually disappear after a few months.