​What's going on with the blood down there? Pay attention to private bleeding

Female reproductive organs are relatively fragile, especially for married women. After sexual intercourse, there will be some bacteria in the private parts. Private bleeding is very common, generally due to the onset of menstruation. If private bleeding during menstruation is excluded, it may be caused by a disease inside the uterus, and it should be treated in time after discovery.

Causes

1. Ovarian endocrine dysfunction can cause uterine bleeding. In addition, the rupture of ovarian follicles during menstruation can cause a temporary drop in estrogen levels, which can also cause uterine bleeding.

2. Genital tumors, such as uterine fibroids, cervical cancer and endometrial cancer, can cause vaginal bleeding.

3. Uterine bleeding related to pregnancy, such as abnormal pregnancy, threatened abortion, miscarriage, etc.

4. Genital inflammation and trauma can cause vaginal bleeding;

5. Systemic diseases, such as abnormalities in platelet quantity and quality, coagulation dysfunction including thrombocytopenic purpura, aplastic anemia, liver damage, etc. can all cause vaginal bleeding.

6. Exogenous hormones, such as estrogen and progesterone, can cause "breakthrough bleeding" or "withdrawal bleeding".

examine

1. Gynecological examination

Conditions of the vulva, vagina, cervix, uterus, and adnexa, etc.

2. Auxiliary examination

(1) Laboratory examination: routine blood and urine examination. Patients of childbearing age often require urine or blood HCG testing to rule out pregnancy or pregnancy-related diseases. Depending on the situation, thyroid function, liver function, kidney function, coagulation function and sex hormone tests may also be required.

(2) Cervical cytology and HPV testing: Patients who have bleeding during sexual intercourse or cervical inflammation, polyps, or bleeding should undergo this examination, which can help diagnose early cervical cancer.

(3) Ultrasound examination: B-ultrasound (transabdominal or transvaginal): Patients with uterine bleeding often need to undergo pelvic B-ultrasound examination to understand the size and shape of the uterus, the thickness of the endometrium, whether there are abnormal echoes in the uterine cavity, whether there are masses in the adnexal area and the characteristics of the masses, whether there is abdominal effusion, etc.

(4) Biopsy: Lesions of the vulva, vagina, and cervix can be directly biopsied to confirm the diagnosis. If choriocarcinoma is suspected, biopsy should be avoided because uncontrollable massive bleeding from the lesion may occur.

For patients with uterine bleeding, a diagnostic curettage is often required (generally limited to married patients) to confirm the diagnosis or stop bleeding, and the scraped tissue must be subjected to pathological examination. For those suspected of endometrial cancer, segmental diagnostic curettage is performed. That is, the cervical canal is scraped first, then the depth of the uterine cavity is explored and the endometrial tissue is scraped. After the source of the specimens is marked, they are sent for pathological examination to assist in the diagnosis of endometrial cancer.

(5) Endoscopic examination: ① Hysteroscopic examination: When B-ultrasound shows abnormal uterine cavity echo, or when functional uterine bleeding has been diagnosed and long-term treatment has been ineffective, hysteroscopy is required. To determine whether there are any lesions in the uterine cavity, such as submucosal myoma, endometrial polyps, cancer, etc. ② Laparoscopic examination: If a pelvic mass or endometriosis is found during gynecological examination or B-ultrasound, laparoscopy can provide a definitive diagnosis.