How to diagnose polycystic ovary syndrome

There are many causes of female infertility, and the difficulty of treatment varies. But how do we identify the disease and check whether it is polycystic ovary syndrome which is easier to treat with traditional Chinese medicine? It can be roughly estimated based on clinical manifestations, or it can be carefully judged through examinations.

1. Polycystic ovary syndrome can be clearly diagnosed through B-ultrasound examination. Be sure to find an experienced ultrasound technician to perform the examination, as it is very easy to diagnose.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a syndrome of endocrine disorders characterized by infrequent ovulation or anovulation, hyperandrogenism or insulin resistance, and polycystic ovaries.

2. Typical clinical manifestations are anovulatory menstrual disorders, such as amenorrhea, functional uterine bleeding, infrequent menstruation or anovulatory menstruation, often accompanied by hirsutism, obesity, infertility, bilateral ovarian hyperplasia or unilateral ovarian enlargement and some changes in hormone levels.

2. Typical clinical manifestations:

① Occurs in women of childbearing age, 22 to 31 years old, accounting for about 85%.

② About 60% of patients suffer from infrequent menstruation, oligomenorrhea, and secondary amenorrhea, and about 20% suffer from anovulatory menstruation, menorrhagia, excessive menstruation, or functional uterine bleeding.

③Hairy, accounting for about 70%, most prominent on the upper lips, arms, and lower limbs. There may be 1 to several long hairs around the breasts and the midline of the lower abdomen.

④ Obesity, accounting for about 30%, or only weight gain but no obvious obesity.

⑤ Infertility, accounting for about 75%, with primary infertility being the most common.

⑥ Gynecological examination: about 67% of patients can feel one or both ovaries.

3. Hormone measurement: Luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ≥ 3, which is of diagnostic significance, and estrogen levels often exceed estradiol levels. Androgen levels are high, while progesterone levels are low. Neither luteinizing hormone nor estradiol has a normal peak before ovulation. Prolactin is also elevated in about 30% of patients.

4. Laparoscopic examination: The ovarian capsule is thickened and pearly in color, and the surface is uneven in about 73%, the ovaries are enlarged in about 80%, there are multiple follicles scattered under the ovarian capsule, making the ovarian surface slightly protruding in about 71%, and the blood vessels on the ovarian surface are increased in about 64%.

5. An ovarian tissue biopsy revealed that the capsule was about 2 to 5 times thicker than normal and the thickness was uneven. There are follicles developed to different degrees under the cortex, with a diameter of about 2 to 6 mm, and a few reaching or even exceeding 10 mm. The follicular membrane cells proliferate and luteinize, and there is a lack of or occasional corpus luteum or corpus albicans.