What is hymen occlusion?

Hymen occlusion is a common reproductive development abnormality, which is also related to genetics. When this symptom occurs, it sometimes leads to no menstruation after puberty, often causing pain in the lower abdomen, abdominal lumps, etc. In addition, it is also prone to symptoms such as constipation and frequent urination. At this time, it must be treated in time, and the treatment effect can usually be achieved through surgery.

The hymen is a membranous tissue located at the junction of the external opening of the vagina and the perineum. Normal hymens are divided into porous, semilunar, sieve-like, septate, and microporous types. If there is no pore at all, it is hymen atresia, which is a common type of abnormal development of female reproductive organs, with an incidence rate of about 1/1000 to 1/2000.

During the development process, it is the membranous tissue between the antovaginal bulb and the urogenital sinus. Part of it is reabsorbed during the fetal period to form pores. Hymen occlusion is caused by abnormal reabsorption of the urogenital sinus epithelium. This deformity is mostly sporadic, with occasional family reports.

Hymen occlusion is often discovered after menarche. If the uterus and vagina develop normally, menstrual blood will accumulate in the vagina after menarche and then spread to the uterus, forming vaginal and uterine hematomas. Excessive blood can flow into the fallopian tubes and enter the abdominal cavity through the fimbria. The peritoneum near the fimbria is stimulated by the menstrual blood and becomes edematous and adherent, causing occlusion of the fimbria of the fallopian tube and forming blood in the vagina, uterus, and fallopian tube. Occasionally, case reports have shown that hymen atresia may be associated with other female reproductive system malformations and other urinary system abnormalities, such as vaginal septate, double uterus, unilateral renal agenesis, etc. The typical symptoms of imperforate hymen are as follows:

1. No menarche after puberty.

2. Periodic lower abdominal pain that gradually worsens.

3. A lump in the lower abdomen that grows larger month by month.

4. In severe cases, it is accompanied by constipation, frequent urination or urinary retention, constipation, anal swelling and other symptoms.