What is the treatment for pelvic cysts?

Recently, more and more women have developed ovarian cysts, but many women have not paid enough attention to them. In fact, ovarian cysts are an ovarian disease that endangers women's health. The occurrence of ovarian cysts can cause great harm to women, so patients should pay attention to it and seek early treatment. So, what are the prevention and treatment methods for ovarian cysts?

Adequate preparation must be made before surgery on ovarian cysts, including improvement of the patient's general condition, choice of anesthesia, instruments and related medications, and emergency measures. The method, scope, and specific operation of the surgery will depend on the patient's age and the nature, size, unilateral or bilateral growth of the tumor, and whether there are adhesions or malignant metastases. For some cases that cannot be determined, a biopsy of the diseased tissue can be taken before surgery.

A review of surgical treatments for ovarian cysts

Surgical treatment of benign ovarian cysts:

①Ovarian cystectomy

Most of these patients have no menstrual disorders and some even have complicated pregnancy. If the tumor is more obvious on one side, a salpingo-oophorectomy can be performed on the affected side.

② Salpingo-oophorectomy for unilateral ovarian cysts. For bilateral ovarian cysts occurring in older patients (over 45 years old), unilateral or bilateral oophorectomy is usually performed. Patients who are not able to cope with the condition or have severe inflammation often undergo total hysterectomy.

It is worth noting that in the surgical treatment of larger ovarian cysts, the size of the incision should not be taken into account, and complete resection is preferred to avoid breaking the patient's pulse and allowing the contents to spill into the abdominal cavity or incision. During the operation, attention should be paid to the patient's pulse, breathing, and blood pressure changes. When necessary, infusion or blood transfusion, oxygen supply should be accelerated. Early detection of acute gastric dilatation, paralytic intestinal obstruction, and the resulting water and electrolyte imbalance and blood chemistry changes should be prevented.

③ Adnexectomy and total hysterectomy occurs in perimenopausal or postmenopausal women with unilateral or bilateral ovarian cysts. If the patient's general condition is not suitable for the surgery, bilateral adnexectomy and total hysterectomy are appropriate, but it will seriously affect endocrine disorders.

Surgical treatment of malignant ovarian cysts:

Most patients are in the late stage when they seek medical treatment, so every effort should be made to remove the primary cyst and any visible pelvic and abdominal metastases.

Because malignant ovarian cysts are often adhered or infiltrated with the uterus and adnexa, and are closely attached to the pelvic peritoneum, the uterus and tumor are often removed in one piece, such as by rolling carpet or dumpling-like removal of the greater omentum, partial intestinal resection, partial bladder and ureter resection.

For ovarian malignant tumors complicated with ascites, regardless of whether they are completely removed or not, it is advisable to place a catheter in the abdominal cavity to facilitate postoperative intraperitoneal injection of anticancer drugs or radioactive colloidal gold or colloidal phosphorus.

Regarding surgical treatment of complications of ovarian cysts:

① After the diagnosis of ovarian cyst pedicle torsion is confirmed, emergency surgery is required. First, intramuscular injection of analgesics, such as pethidine, is performed. Regardless of the patient's age, it is appropriate to perform an adnexectomy on the affected side.

② If an ovarian cyst ruptures, laparotomy should be performed as soon as possible, because the contents of the cyst overflow into the abdominal cavity, whether it is benign or malignant, there is a possibility of implantation, so the abdominal cavity and incision should be thoroughly lavaged.

③ If ovarian cysts are complicated by infection and anti-infection drugs are used for a period of time, but the body moisture does not decrease or the local symptoms become more severe, laparotomy should be performed to remove the tumor to eliminate the infection focus, and the symptoms can often subside quickly.

④ Ovarian cyst and peritoneum with extensive adhesion

It is often seen in patients with giant ovarian cysts misdiagnosed as massive ascites, who have undergone repeated abdominal paracentesis or ovarian cyst infection.

How to prevent ovarian cysts:

1. Female friends should pay attention to hygiene during menstruation, and sexual intercourse is strictly prohibited during menstruation and after childbirth. The vulva and vagina should be kept clean.

2. To prevent ovarian cysts, women should pay attention to their daily diet. Tobacco and alcohol are extremely acidic substances. People who smoke and drink for a long time are very likely to develop an acidic constitution. Women should eat more light food, more lean meat, eggs, chicken and fish. Do not eat too much salty and spicy food, and do not eat food that is too hot, too cold, expired or spoiled.

3. Maintain a good mood, relieve stress appropriately, combine work and rest, and avoid overwork. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that stress leads to overwork and physical weakness, which in turn causes a decline in immune function, endocrine disorders, and metabolic disorders, leading to the deposition of acidic substances in the body. Stress can also lead to mental tension, causing qi stagnation, blood stasis, and internal toxic fire.

4. Strengthening physical exercise and improving physical fitness can also effectively prevent ovarian cysts. Exercising more in the sun and sweating more can help excrete acidic substances in the body with sweat and avoid the formation of an acidic constitution.

5. Live a regular life. People with irregular living habits and those who stay up late will aggravate the acidification of the body and easily cause ovarian cysts.

The editor recommends that we must take precautions against this disease, conduct regular surveys, detect and diagnose early, and treat early. If ovarian abnormalities are found but cannot be confirmed, regular follow-up is required, and surgery should be performed as soon as the diagnosis is clear. Malignant ovarian tumors must be treated with comprehensive treatment such as surgery, chemotherapy and traditional Chinese medicine as early as possible.