What's wrong with a little bleeding after sex?

Sexual life between husband and wife is originally a happy thing. Under normal circumstances, couples will not experience any discomfort after sexual intercourse. However, some friends may experience vaginal bleeding after sexual intercourse. This kind of situation may be the human body reminding the owner that some kind of disease has occurred in the body and it is necessary to remain vigilant. So, what is the reason for vaginal bleeding after intercourse?

What causes bleeding during sexual intercourse?

Women of different ages have different physiological characteristics, and the common causes of vaginal bleeding are also different. Generally speaking, the main reasons for vaginal bleeding after intercourse are the following:

External reproductive system damage

1. The hymen is broken and damaged. The most common is rupture of the hymen during first intercourse. This type of bleeding usually occurs during sexual intercourse. There may be pain and bleeding at that time, but the bleeding is usually very little. If the injury is not serious, the bleeding will stop quickly. However, sometimes when the rupture of the hymen happens to damage the blood vessels in that area, bleeding is more severe and requires compression to activate blood circulation, or even requiring medical treatment in the hospital.

2. Vaginal laceration. During or after sexual intercourse, vaginal bleeding occurs and the bleeding is heavy, difficult to stop on its own, and lasts for a long time. Vaginal lacerations often occur during non-consensual sexual intercourse or very rough sexual methods. Vaginal lacerations are also common in vaginal malformations, such as vaginal septum, transverse septum, double vagina, and vaginal stenosis. In the past, after vaginal plastic surgery, hymen repair, vaginal tumor removal surgery and hysterectomy, when the vaginal wounds are not healed well, sexual life is also very likely to cause damage. Improper sexual posture and location can also cause vaginal injury and bleeding. The amount of bleeding is related to the location and level of the injury.

The cervix of patients with early cervical cancer may not have obvious changes, or cancer and cervical erosion may exist at the same time. Cervical cancer bleeds easily when touched, mostly because the cervical cancer tissue invades the intrastromal blood vessels. Postmenopausal women are prone to senile vaginitis due to the lack of estrogen. At this time, the vaginal mucosa becomes soft and may be damaged during intercourse, causing bleeding.

Inflammation of the external reproductive system

1. Cervical polyps. Long-term irritation of the cervix due to inflammation can cause cervical polyps. Single or multiple small granulation tissues with pedicles grow at the cervical opening, which look like bean sprouts and are roughly the size of a finger. The polyps are crisp in color and bleed when touched, so couples will bleed after sexual intercourse. This type of bleeding is usually bright red.

2. Cervical cancer. Bleeding after sexual intercourse is the earliest symptom. Because there are more small blood vessels in the cancerous area and the tissues are more sensitive, the capillaries will rupture due to damage and bleed every time after sexual intercourse. If the tumor develops further, it will bleed more easily.

3. Endometriosis. Some endometriosis grows in the cervix and appears as a purple mass. If a couple encounters this kind of purple-blue disordered nodule during sexual intercourse, it will cause bleeding. The bleeding is usually small in amount and dark red in color, and couples will always experience abdominal pain after sexual intercourse.

4. Pelvic inflammatory disease. Inflammation of the pelvis can cause pelvic congestion. If the uterine wall is hematoma and edema, sexual intercourse may cause the hematoma endometrium to rupture, but this opportunity is very rare.

5. Cervicitis. 90% of married women suffer from cervicitis. Cervicitis is divided into three types: mild, moderate and severe according to the degree of cervical erosion. For patients with mild to moderate cervical erosion, the friction of the male penis head against the cervix during sexual intercourse may cause injury and bleeding. Because this type of bleeding is small, it does not flow out immediately, but accumulates in the female vagina, and the color of the blood changes from fresh to old. Therefore, when the blood is discharged the next day, it is dark red.