What is chemotherapy for hydatidiform mole?

Many people don't understand why some fertilized eggs form hydatidiform mole while others develop normally. In fact, there are many reasons for hydatidiform mole. Nutrition, age and other factors can cause this phenomenon. Hydatidiform mole must be treated in time, the sooner the better. Regular follow-up examinations are required after surgery to prevent malignant changes. Sometimes some hydatidiform mole also requires chemotherapy. What is hydatidiform mole chemotherapy?

Pregnant women with hydatidiform mole usually experience symptoms similar to early pregnancy, such as amenorrhea, nausea, and vomiting. Treatment usually begins once the diagnosis is confirmed. Chemotherapy is one of the methods to treat hydatidiform mole. So is chemotherapy necessary for hydatidiform mole?

uncertain. Not everyone with hydatidiform mole needs chemotherapy, so what are the prerequisites for chemotherapy?

1. Age is 40;

2. The uterus is significantly larger than the menopausal month;

3. Urine hCG immunoassay is sensitive to 107IU/L;

4. The patient has a history of hemoptysis;

5. The degree of proliferation in pathological tissue examination is no longer included in the parameters for proneness to malignant transformation.

Therefore, FCM determination of DNA and RNA in uterine tissues is a good objective indicator for predicting malignant transformation. This guidance on preventive medication for hydatidiform mole is highly targeted.

In short, patients should go to a regular hospital for diagnosis and must not blindly self-diagnose and judge the treatment method to avoid serious consequences.

In fact, the true cause of hydatidiform mole is unknown. Case-control studies have found that the occurrence of hydatidiform mole is related to nutritional status, socioeconomic status and age. Age is a significant related factor in etiology. The incidence of hydatidiform mole in women over 40 years old is 10 times higher than that in young women. Women under 60 years old are also a high-risk factor for complete hydatidiform mole. Women in these two age groups are prone to fertilization defects. Partial hydatidiform mole has nothing to do with maternal age.

1. Complete hydatidiform mole: All the placental villi are affected, there is no fetus and its appendages, and the uterine cavity is filled with blisters; even if only one sperm enters the egg, problems may occur. If the mother's egg is an "empty egg", it will cause chromosomal abnormalities, because only the father's chromosomes are constantly dividing, which will also cause the trophoblast to continue to proliferate, but there is no fetus. The same thing will happen if two sperm enter an empty egg at the same time. This condition is called a complete molar pregnancy.

Complete hydatidiform mole may be related to factors such as region, race, nutrition, socioeconomic factors and gestational age.

(1) People whose diets lack vitamin A, its precursor carotene, and animal fat are at a significantly increased risk of developing hydatidiform mole.

(2) Age is another high-risk factor. The incidence of hydatidiform mole in women aged 35 and 40 is 2 times and 7.5 times that of younger women, respectively. Conversely, the incidence of hydatidiform mole in women younger than 20 years old is also significantly increased.

(3) A history of hydatidiform mole in a previous pregnancy is also a high-risk factor. The incidence of subsequent hydatidiform mole in women with a history of one or two hydatidiform mole pregnancies is 1% and 15% to 20%, respectively.

2. Partial hydatidiform mole: In one type of hydatidiform mole, two sperm enter the egg at the same time, making it impossible for a normal fetus to develop, but the trophoblast cells continue to grow. This will cause the early fetus and overgrown trophoblast cells to exist in the uterus at the same time, with only some placental villi undergoing vesicular degeneration, and there are still living or dead embryos in the uterine cavity. In the tissues of spontaneous abortion, 40% of patients were found to have certain vesicular degeneration, but they were not diagnosed as hydatidiform mole.

Partial hydatidiform mole may be associated with the use of oral contraceptives and menstrual disorders. But it has nothing to do with age and diet. Whether it is complete or partial hydatidiform mole, excess paternal genetic material is the main cause of trophoblastic proliferation. A very small number of partial hydatidiform moles have a tetraploid karyotype, but the mechanism of their formation is still unclear.