How to check for mycoplasma and chlamydia in gynecology

Mycoplasma and Chlamydia are not often mentioned in daily life, but people need to have a certain understanding of them, because once infected, they will not only cause great harm to the patient's physical health, but also seriously affect their normal life and work, so it is particularly important to learn to conduct scientific examinations. If you find symptoms such as general discomfort, urinary tract abnormalities, infertility, etc., you need to seek medical treatment promptly.

1. How to check for mycoplasma and chlamydia in gynecology

1. General discomfort. In the later stages of mycoplasma and chlamydia infection, the virus begins to spread and symptoms spread throughout the body. The late stage symptoms of mycoplasma and chlamydia infection in women are that their physical condition deteriorates, they begin to feel chills, have a low fever, feel nauseous when eating, want to vomit, and have diarrhea after bouts of abdominal pain.

2. Urinary tract abnormalities. The symptoms of mycoplasma and chlamydia infection in women mainly manifest in the urethra. Typical symptoms of mycoplasma and chlamydia infection in women are redness, swelling and itching at the urethral opening. Women will also experience an increase in the amount of vaginal discharge. Of course, some women do not have any symptoms after being infected with mycoplasma and chlamydia.

3. Infertility. Once a woman's reproductive organs are infected with mycoplasma and chlamydia, she will experience symptoms such as infertility. Because women are infected with mycoplasma and chlamydia, the cilia in the fallopian tubes will degenerate, and women will not be able to conceive normally, which will eventually lead to lifelong regrets.

4. The incubation period of mycoplasma and chlamydia infection is 10-20 days.

5. The onset of symptoms of mycoplasma and chlamydia infection is not as acute as that of gonorrhea. The symptoms are delayed and sometimes mild and sometimes severe, but they are milder than gonorrhea. About 50% of patients experience symptoms such as urinary pain and urethral itching. It is easy to be missed during initial diagnosis. Male non-gonococcal urethritis is manifested by urethral discomfort, itching, burning or stinging, redness and swelling of the urethra, and urethral secretions that are mostly serous and thin, with a "sticky" feeling in the morning.

6. The urethral secretion is small, thin, mucous or mucopurulent. If you do not urinate for a long time (such as when you wake up in the morning), a small amount of thin secretions may overflow from the urethra. Sometimes the only manifestation is a scab blocking the urethra or staining underwear in the morning. During the examination, the anterior urethra needs to be squeezed from back to front to allow a small amount of secretions to overflow from the urethral opening. Sometimes the patient has symptoms but no secretions, or sometimes the patient has no symptoms but has secretions.

7. Often infected with gonorrhea at the same time. The former first shows symptoms of gonorrhea. After anti-gonococcal treatment, the gonococci will be killed, but chlamydia and mycoplasma will still exist. Disease develops 1-3 weeks after infection. Clinically, it is easy to be mistaken for uncured or relapsed gonorrhea.

The harm of mycoplasma and chlamydia to women

1. Mycoplasma: It is a type of prokaryotic cell microorganism that is widely distributed in nature. About 6% to 75% of adults have asymptomatic mycoplasma colonization, and the rate can reach 80% in pregnant women; 15% to 35% of newborns are born with mycoplasma; the mycoplasma colonization rate in people with sexual behavior disorders is more than twice that of normal people. Mycoplasma is one of the sexually transmitted pathogens that cause non-gonococcal urethritis and is also a potential causative factor for a variety of gynecological and obstetric diseases. The main route of infection is sexual contact, followed by indirect contact such as clothing, utensils, work environment, etc. In addition, if the mother is infected with mycoplasma, the infection can be transmitted through the bloodstream, causing placental lesions and fetal intrauterine infection, or transmitted to the newborn through the birth canal during labor, causing fever, pneumonia and other lesions in the newborn. This is called "mother-to-child transmission."

Mycoplasma infection during pregnancy can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes such as miscarriage, premature birth, premature rupture of membranes, and postpartum fever; it can also lead to perinatal complications such as fetal growth retardation, low birth weight, neonatal pneumonia and meningitis, which are extremely harmful to the health of women and children.

For mycoplasma infection during pregnancy, etiological diagnosis must be made as early as possible so that effective preventive and therapeutic measures can be taken in a timely manner to prevent neonatal infection, reduce puerperal morbidity and perinatal complications.

Genital mycoplasma infection is sensitive to many antibiotics, but erythromycin is the first choice during pregnancy. Other antibiotics such as tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and nitrofurantoin should not be used during pregnancy to avoid drug harm to the fetus.

2. Chlamydia trachomatis: It is a common pathogen that causes infection of female reproductive organs. Pregnant women are a special group of people infected with Chlamydia trachomatis, and the incidence is increasing year by year. The harm to mother and infant should be given sufficient attention.

Pregnant women are mainly infected with Chlamydia trachomatis in the urogenital tract through sexual intercourse. The infection of Chlamydia trachomatis between mother and child occurs through three pathways: birth canal infection, intrauterine infection, and puerperal infection. A large number of studies have shown that chlamydia infection during pregnancy can cause spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, premature rupture of membranes, premature birth, low birth weight, neonatal conjunctivitis and pneumonia.