What are the dangers of severe cervicitis? You must know these!

Cervicitis is a very common gynecological disease. When women suffer from cervicitis, the symptoms are a significant increase in vaginal discharge on their underwear, accompanied by blood. Unclean sexual life, miscarriage, injury during sexual life, sexual life during menstruation, etc. can all cause cervicitis in women. So what are the dangers of severe cervicitis?

Causes

1. Acute cervicitis

(1) Sexually transmitted disease pathogens Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis are mainly found in people at high risk of sexually transmitted diseases.

(2) Endogenous pathogens Some pathogens of cervicitis are related to bacterial vaginosis pathogens and Mycoplasma genitalium infection.

2. Chronic cervicitis

Chronic cervicitis can be a continuation of acute cervicitis or it can be caused by persistent infection with pathogens similar to those of acute cervicitis.

(1) Chronic endocervical mucositis: The lesions are limited to the endocervical mucosa and submucosal tissue. The vaginal part of the cervix is ​​smooth, with purulent secretions from the external opening. The endocervical mucosa proliferates and protrudes outward. The cervical opening is congested and red, and the cervix is ​​enlarged.

(2) Cervical polyps are caused by chronic inflammation that causes the local mucosa of the cervical canal to proliferate and protrude to the external cervical os.

(3) Chronic inflammation of cervical hypertrophy → repeated congestion and edema of cervical tissue, glandular and stroma hyperplasia → varying degrees of cervical hypertrophy.

Clinical manifestations

1. Acute cervicitis

Most patients are asymptomatic. Symptomatic patients mainly present with increased vaginal discharge, which is mucopurulent. Stimulation of the discharge can cause vulvar itching and burning sensation. In addition, symptoms such as intermenstrual bleeding and bleeding after sexual intercourse may occur. If combined with urinary tract infection, urinary urgency, frequent urination and pain may occur. If it is a Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection, due to the involvement of the paraurethral glands and Bartholin's glands, congestion and edema of the urethral and vaginal opening mucosa as well as a large amount of purulent secretions may be seen. 2. Chronic cervicitis

Most of the patients are asymptomatic. A few patients may have increased vaginal discharge, which is light yellow or purulent, bleeding after sexual intercourse, bleeding between menstruation, and occasional irritation from the discharge causing vulvar itching and discomfort. Gynecological examination may reveal erosive changes in the cervix, or yellow secretions covering or flowing out of the cervical opening. It may also manifest as cervical polyps or cervical hypertrophy.

treat

1. Acute cervicitis

The main treatment is antibiotics .

(1) Empirical antibiotic treatment For patients with the following high-risk factors for sexually transmitted diseases (such as age under 25 years, multiple or new sexual partners, and unprotected sexual intercourse), empirical antibiotic treatment against Chlamydia is used before the results of pathogen testing are obtained.

(2) Antibiotic treatment targeting pathogens For those who have acquired pathogens, antibiotics targeting pathogens are selected. Since Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection is often accompanied by chlamydial infection, if it is gonococcal cervicitis, in addition to using anti-Neisseria gonorrhoeae drugs, anti-chlamydial infection drugs should also be used during treatment.

(3) Treatment of sexual partners: If the pathogens of cervicitis patients are Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, their sexual partners should be examined and treated accordingly. Different lesions are treated with different treatments. For patients who present with erosive changes, if it is asymptomatic physiological columnar epithelial ectopia, no treatment is required. For erosive changes accompanied by increased secretions, papillary hyperplasia or contact bleeding, local physical therapy can be given, including laser, freezing, microwave and other methods. Traditional Chinese medicine treatment can also be given or used as an auxiliary treatment before or after physical therapy. However, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer must be excluded by screening before treatment.

The harm of cervicitis to women

1. Affect the quality of life of couples: Severe cervicitis will affect the quality of life of couples. It can cause women to feel pain and discomfort during sexual intercourse, thus rejecting it.

2. Leading to miscarriage: Cervicitis in women is also one of the causes of miscarriage, because cervicitis can cause changes in women's tissues, reduce elasticity, make the delivery process not smooth, and then lead to miscarriage.

3. Leading to infertility: 20%-25% of patients with cervicitis will experience excessive vaginal secretions. If the leucorrhea caused by inflammation is thick and purulent, it will be detrimental to the passage of sperm through the cervical canal, thus leading to infertility.

4. Induce cervical cancer: Studies have found that the incidence of cervical cancer in women with cervicitis is 10 times higher than that in women without cervicitis. Long-term untreated or uncured cervicitis is considered a factor in the development of cervical cancer.