What is endometrial hyperplasia in gynecology?

The uterus is a very important organ for female friends. Any disease occurring in this part will affect its function to a certain extent. Endometrial hyperplasia is a common gynecological disease. It can cause harm to the human body. So what are the common causes of endometrial hyperplasia? How can this disease be treated? These are the issues that patients are most concerned about.

1. Causes of disease

1. Endogenous estrogen.

In adolescent girls, perimenopausal women, polycystic ovary syndrome, etc.; in obese women, the more adipose tissue there is, the higher the level of estrone in the plasma, resulting in persistent estrogen; the gonadotropin function of the pituitary gland is abnormal, and ovarian granulosa cell tumor is also a tumor that continuously secretes estrogen.

2. Exogenous estrogen

(1) Estrogen replacement therapy (ERT): If estrogen is used alone in ERT, it will stimulate endometrial hyperplasia.

(2) Application of tamoxifen: Tamoxifen (TAM) has an anti-estrogen effect. Under conditions of low estrogen, TAM has a weak estrogen-like effect.

Treatment may include medication or surgery.

1. Treatment principles

① Simple and complex endometrial hyperplasia:

A. Young patients: ovulation induction therapy.

B. Reproductive period: Treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome.

C. Menopausal transition: cyclical progesterone therapy every two months.

D. Late menopause: Ask whether to use estrogen replacement therapy alone. After curettage, replacement therapy can be suspended or progestin can be added.

②Atypical endometrial hyperplasia:

A. Menopausal transition or postmenopause: hysterectomy.

B. Young people or those who wish to have children: drug treatment.

2. Drug treatment: ovulation-inducing drugs, progesterone drugs, danazol, cottonpol, and GnRH agonists.

Endometrial hyperplasia is mainly affected by estrogen, and any cause that leads to increased estrogen may lead to endometrial hyperplasia. In severe cases, it may develop into endometrial cancer. Therefore, we should be vigilant about endometrial hyperplasia. The treatment methods for hyperplasia of different ages and degrees are also different.