What is the cause of irregular shedding of the endometrium?

After a woman's ovary ovulates, if the egg does not meet the sperm to form a fertilized egg, the endometrium will continue to thicken until it falls off and forms menstruation and is discharged from the body. This is the formation of female menstruation. However, if the endometrium sheds when it should not, it will cause genital bleeding. This is the so-called irregular endometrial shedding. Of course, this is just a general introduction. If you want to know more about what irregular endometrial shedding is, you can read the analysis in this article.

Irregular shedding of the endometrium can lead to abnormal uterine bleeding, which is more common in women of childbearing age. Due to incomplete follicular development, although ovulation occurs, the corpus luteum atrophy is incomplete or lasts too long, and estrogen and progesterone cannot drop quickly, resulting in irregular shedding of the endometrium and prolonged bleeding. Menstruation still occurs on schedule, but the bleeding time is extended to 10 days.

Causes

Due to incomplete luteal atrophy caused by dysfunction of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis or luteolytic mechanism, the endometrium continues to be affected by progesterone and cannot be completely shed as expected.

On the 3rd to 4th day of a normal menstrual period, the secretory endometrium has been completely shed. It is replaced by regenerated proliferative endometrium. However, when the corpus luteum is incompletely atrophied, the endometrium showing secretory reaction can still be seen on the 5th to 6th day of menstruation. In some areas, there is still bleeding in the endometrium, while in other areas, new proliferative endometrium has appeared.

Clinical manifestations

It manifests as abnormal uterine bleeding. The patient's menstrual cycle is normal, but the menstrual period is prolonged, up to 9 to 10 days, and the amount of bleeding is heavy, and it may even last for several days before stopping.

diagnosis

The diagnostic criteria are that endometrial pathological examination on the fifth day of regular menstruation is still accompanied by secretory phase phenomena. The basal body temperature is biphasic, but after rising, it falls slowly during menstruation or the progesterone level does not drop during menstruation.

After knowing what irregular endometrial shedding is, if you find yourself having this disease, please seek treatment in time. Generally, when treating this disease, you should first supplement progesterone to restore the function of the pituitary gland, and then supplement chorionic gonadotropin. Only the combination of these two can completely stop irregular endometrial shedding.