Turning the tide: How to resolve the crisis when faced with sudden severe testicular pain?

Author: Li Haopeng, resident physician at Shanghai Tongji Hospital

Reviewer: Wu Gang, deputy chief physician, Shanghai Tongji Hospital

Male friends, have you ever heard of a disease called "testicular torsion"? It may occur suddenly and pose a serious threat to your reproductive health. Today, we will unveil the mystery of "testicular torsion" and protect your "gland of life".

1. Understanding testicular torsion

Testicular torsion, also known as spermatic cord torsion, is a male emergency. It refers to the abnormal rotation of the testicle and its blood supply (spermatic cord), resulting in blood flow obstruction. This rotation is like the roots of a tree being tightly entangled, unable to transport water and nutrients normally, causing the testicle to fall into a state of hypoxia.

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2. Identify symptoms and seek medical attention promptly

1. Severe pain

The most typical symptom of testicular torsion is sudden, severe scrotal pain that radiates to the groin or lower abdomen. This pain often occurs suddenly at night or after strenuous activity, and continues to worsen and become unbearable.

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2. Swelling and tenderness

The affected testicle may appear swollen and painful to the touch, and the skin of the entire scrotum may even become tight and shiny.

3. Scrotal elevation increases pain

Some patients find that the pain is exacerbated when the scrotum is elevated or gently supported.

4. Associated symptoms

Severe testicular torsion may also cause visceral nerve reflex symptoms such as nausea and vomiting.

3. Reveal the hazards and attach great importance to them

1. Testicular necrosis

The obstruction of blood flow caused by testicular torsion is like putting a noose on the source of life. Once there is a lack of adequate blood supply, the testicular tissue will undergo irreversible necrosis in a short period of time, which will not only make the patient lose his fertility, but may also cause serious complications such as local infection and abscess.

2. Impaired fertility

Even with timely surgical intervention, prolonged ischemia may potentially damage spermatogenesis, leading to a significant decrease in fertility or complete loss of fertility.

3. Psychological stress

Patients with testicular torsion also have to endure multiple psychological pressures such as pain, surgery and fertility anxiety, which have a serious impact on their quality of life.

4. Response strategies to protect health

1. Seek medical attention promptly

When symptoms such as sudden unilateral scrotal pain occur, testicular torsion should be highly suspected. The golden rescue time for testicular torsion is usually within 6 hours after onset. The earlier the diagnosis and repositioning surgery are performed, the higher the success rate.

2. Professional diagnosis

The doctor will make a diagnosis based on the medical history, physical examination, and auxiliary examinations (such as color Doppler ultrasound). If necessary, emergency surgical exploration will be performed.

3. Surgery

After a clear diagnosis, surgery should be performed as soon as possible. If the testicle is necrotic, the necrotic tissue needs to be removed to prevent the spread of toxins.

4. Postoperative recovery

After surgery, you need to strictly follow the doctor's instructions and have regular checkups to ensure blood supply is restored and inflammation subsides. At the same time, adjust your lifestyle and avoid strenuous exercise.

5. Scientific prevention and preparation

1. Enhance self-care awareness

Learn about testicular torsion and raise awareness. Adolescents and men with a family history should do regular self-examinations to familiarize themselves with the normal state of the testicles.

2. Maintain moderate exercise

Choose sports that have less impact on the reproductive system, such as swimming, jogging, etc. Avoid strenuous or excessive physical activities to reduce the risk of scrotal injury. Wear well-fitting and comfortable sports equipment that provides good support and protection.

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3. Dress appropriately

Choose underwear that is breathable, loose and comfortable to reduce pressure on the scrotum and high temperature environment, and prevent testicular torsion.

4. Treat related diseases promptly

Actively treat diseases such as cryptorchidism and epididymitis to reduce the risk of testicular torsion.

5. Regular medical check-ups

Regular male reproductive health checks, especially for high-risk individuals, can help detect and address potential problems early through professional medical evaluation.

Although testicular torsion is an emergency, as long as we are vigilant, identify it in time and take action, we can effectively avoid its serious consequences. Male friends are advised to cherish their own health and seek medical attention as soon as suspicious symptoms occur.