How is cervical cancer screening done?

Cervical cancer is a malignant tumor that seriously threatens women's reproductive health. Its incidence rate is gradually increasing, which has to attract the attention of female friends. Since there are basically no symptoms in the early stages of cervical cancer, female friends are advised to conduct cervical cancer screening regularly every year for their own health. So what types of cervical cancer screening are needed? In order to facilitate everyone to carry out screening, I will introduce step by step what to do in cervical cancer screening:

1. Cervical smear cytology test, in other words, TCT test, is the initial, intermediate and most important method of cervical cancer screening. The sample is usually scraped from the cervical transition zone. Send to laboratory for cytological examination.

2. Cervical iodine test. Because under normal circumstances, the squamous epithelium inside the cervix is ​​rich in glycogen, which will turn dark brown or dark red after being stained with iodine solution. If there is no change in color after staining, that is, the unstained area indicates that the epithelial cells at that point do not contain sugar, which is an abnormal situation and there is a possibility of lesions. It is necessary to conduct a puncture biopsy in the unstained area of ​​iodine for further diagnosis.

3. Colposcopy: When TCT shows abnormalities, that is, the cervical scraping cytology test shows Pap smear grade III or above and TBS indicates squamous intraepithelial neoplasia, it is necessary to select the abnormal lesion area for cervical biopsy under colposcopy observation.

4. Biopsy of the cervix and endocervical canal. It is the most reliable basis for diagnosing cervical cancer and cervical precancerous lesions. The tissue obtained should include the interstitial space and all adjacent normal tissues. If the cervical smear shows positive information, but the cervix is ​​smooth or the cervical puncture biopsy is negative, in this case, you need to use a small scraper to scrape the endocervical canal and send the scraping to the laboratory for pathological examination.

5. Cervical conization. It is when the cervical smear test is positive several times but the cervical puncture biopsy is negative; or when the cervical puncture biopsy is cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive cancer needs to be eliminated, a cervical conization is performed on the cervix and then sent to the pathology laboratory for examination to determine whether there is any lesion.

The above are the new projects to be done in cervical cancer screening. From these new projects, we can see that the next level of testing will only be carried out when problems are found in the previous level of inspection and need to be checked. Therefore, in order to prevent cervical cancer, we should start from the first step of cervical cancer screening and perform TCT examination regularly every year. It is better if there is no abnormality. If there is an abnormality, check it step by step according to these items. Catching the culprit of cervical cancer will have positive significance for preventing cervical cancer.