Whether it is morning, noon or evening, as long as you start exercising, you can significantly reduce the risk of Parkinson's disease; sitting for a long time significantly increases the risk of Parkinson's disease

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease. Currently, there is no effective drug to prevent or delay neurodegeneration. Therefore, it is crucial to develop non-drug strategies (i.e., improving lifestyle) to prevent the occurrence of PD.

Previous studies have shown that physical activity can reduce the risk of mortality and other neurodegenerative diseases, but the conclusions on the association between physical activity and PD risk are inconsistent. It is worth noting that previous studies have used self-reported questionnaires to assess physical activity, which has a certain degree of recall bias. In addition, self-reported questionnaires cannot accurately assess light-intensity physical activity (LPA). Therefore, although LPA is the main form of activity in daily life, there is limited evidence for the association between LPA and PD risk. In addition, almost all physiological and biochemical processes in the human body follow circadian rhythms, and no studies have evaluated the relationship between physical activity at different times of the day (morning, noon-afternoon, and evening) and PD risk.

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In response to this problem, the National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases of Nanfang Hospital has carried out relevant work, and the research results were recently published in the journal npj Digital Medicine . The study found that whether exercising in the morning, noon-afternoon, or evening, the longer the LPA or medium-to-high intensity physical activity (MVPA) measured by the accelerometer, the lower the risk of PD; and the longer the sitting time, the higher the risk of PD. Professor Qin Xianhui of the National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University is the corresponding author of the article, and Dr. Liu Mengyi is the first author.

The study included more than 90,000 middle-aged and elderly participants with accelerometer measurements from the UK Biobank study. The average age was 56.1 years (SD, 7.8). The average time for LPA, MVPA, and sedentary was 5.1 (SD, 1.6), 0.7 (SD, 0.6), and 9.4 (SD, 1.8) hours/day, respectively.

After 6.8 years of follow-up, 313 (0.3%) participants developed PD. The study showed that:

(1) The duration of LPA and MVPA showed an L-shaped correlation with the risk of PD, while the duration of sedentary time showed an inverse L-shaped correlation with the risk of PD. That is, as the LPA and MVPA time increased, the risk of PD decreased. When the LPA and MVPA time increased to a certain extent (LPA >3.89 hours/day, MVPA >0.27 hours/day), the risk of PD was the lowest and remained constant. When the sedentary time reached a certain extent (≥9.41 hours/day), the risk of PD increased linearly and continuously (Figure 1);

Figure 1 Dose-response relationship between light-intensity physical activity (a), moderate-to-heavy-intensity physical activity (b), and sedentary time (c) and the risk of new-onset Parkinson's disease

(2) When LPA and MVPA were considered simultaneously, high LPA and high MVPA were associated with an 87% lower risk of PD compared with low LPA and low MVPA.

(3) When physical activity (LPA and MVPA) and sedentary time were considered simultaneously, low LPA and high sedentary time increased the risk of PD by 459% compared with high LPA and low sedentary time; low MVPA and high sedentary time increased the risk of PD by 293% compared with high MVPA and low sedentary time;

(4) Similar results were found in the three time windows (morning, noon-afternoon, and evening).

(Picture from the Internet, copyright belongs to the original author)

Overall, this large-scale prospective study showed for the first time that regardless of when exercise was performed (morning, mid-afternoon, and evening), higher accelerometer-measured MVPA (≥0.27 hours/day) and LPA (≥3.89 hours/day) significantly reduced the risk of PD, while higher sedentary time (≥9.41 hours/day) significantly increased the risk of PD. As long as you move, it's good for your health!

(Picture from the Internet, copyright belongs to the original author)

Regardless of time, regardless of intensity,

Stand up,

Get moving.

More energetic,

Healthier!

References:

Liu M, Gan X, Ye Z, Zhang Y, He P, Zhou C, Yang S, Zhang Y, Qin

Editor | Liu Mengyi and Zhang Yiwei

Audit | Qin Xianhui

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