Aflatoxin B1: The invisible carcinogen on the dining table

In our daily lives, food is an indispensable part of maintaining life. However, did you know that some foods may contain a carcinogen called aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). This fungal toxin, if ingested by the human body for a long time, may induce serious diseases such as liver cancer (HCC).

Aflatoxin B1 is a toxic metabolite produced by Aspergillus flavus. It is clearly identified as a human carcinogen by the WHO International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). This toxin often contaminates our staple foods, especially corn. In parts of Africa and Asia, where aflatoxin is less frequently detected in food, the problem of aflatoxin B1 contamination is more prominent.

The carcinogenic mechanism of aflatoxin B1 is quite complex. It can cause DNA damage and gene mutation by interfering with the normal metabolic process of cells. Epidemiological studies have shown that there is a strong correlation between dietary aflatoxin B1 intake and TP53 gene mutations and the incidence of liver cancer. It is particularly noteworthy that this correlation is more significant in people infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV).

So, what foods in our daily life may contain aflatoxin B1?

First, moldy food is the most common source of contamination, especially moldy corn, peanuts, rice and other grain crops, as well as long-stored dried fruits, nuts and other foods. In addition, since aflatoxin thrives in a humid and warm environment, foods that are stored in poor conditions or for too long are also susceptible to contamination.

How should we prevent such health risks? First, choose regular channels when purchasing food to ensure that the food is fresh and mold-free. Second, when storing food, keep the environment dry and ventilated to avoid moisture and high temperature. At the same time, clean the kitchen and storage space regularly to prevent mold growth. Finally, for moldy food, be sure to discard it resolutely and do not eat it.