What should we pay attention to in daily life for cerebral vascular sclerosis

Cerebral vascular sclerosis, also known as atherosclerosis in medicine, is a common vascular disease characterized by the gradual thickening and hardening of the arterial wall, which leads to reduced vascular elasticity and restricted blood flow. If this process is not controlled, it will greatly increase the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, such as stroke and heart disease. Therefore, this article will elaborate on the care methods that should be paid attention to in daily life to help the public understand and take effective measures to delay or even prevent the progression of cerebral vascular sclerosis.

1. Healthy diet: balanced nutrition is the basis

A healthy diet is essential for preventing cerebral vascular sclerosis. Saturated fat and trans fat increase the level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the blood, which is one of the main factors leading to atherosclerosis. Foods high in saturated fat, such as red meat, butter, cheese, and full-fat dairy products should be avoided or reduced. At the same time, reduce the intake of foods containing trans fats, such as fried foods, fast food, pastries, and some processed foods; Omega-3 fatty acids have anti-inflammatory and lipid-lowering effects, which help prevent cerebral vascular sclerosis. Foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids include deep-sea fish (such as salmon, cod, and mackerel), flax seeds, walnuts, and rapeseed oil. It is recommended to eat deep-sea fish at least twice a week; high-fiber foods help lower cholesterol levels and maintain good gastrointestinal health. It is recommended to increase the intake of whole grains (such as oats, whole wheat bread and brown rice), vegetables (such as spinach, carrots and broccoli) and fruits (such as apples, pears and blueberries); nuts (such as walnuts, almonds and cashews) are rich in healthy unsaturated fatty acids, which help lower cholesterol levels. It is recommended to eat nuts in moderation every day and replace other unhealthy oils with olive oil; a high-salt diet is closely related to the occurrence of hypertension, which is one of the important risk factors for cerebral vascular sclerosis. It is recommended to reduce the amount of salt added and try to choose fresh ingredients; antioxidants help resist free radical damage and protect the health of vascular endothelial cells. It is recommended to increase the intake of foods rich in vitamin C (such as citrus fruits, strawberries and tomatoes), vitamin E (such as nuts, seeds and vegetable oils) and beta-carotene (such as carrots, pumpkins and red peppers). The diet should be arranged in small meals and avoid overeating.

2. Regular physical examinations: early detection and early intervention

Regular physical examinations are essential for early detection and management of cerebral vascular sclerosis. Measure blood pressure regularly, especially for people over 40 years old or those with a family history of hypertension. When measuring blood pressure, use the correct method and equipment and follow the doctor's advice; regularly perform blood sugar and blood lipid tests, including total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol; Obesity and overweight are one of the risk factors for cerebral vascular sclerosis. If your weight exceeds the normal range, you should take appropriate measures and have an eye examination once a year to promptly detect and treat eye problems related to cerebral vascular sclerosis.

3. Moderate exercise: enhance cardiovascular function

Moderate aerobic exercise, such as walking, Tai Chi or cycling, can enhance heart function, improve blood circulation, lower blood pressure, and increase cholesterol (HDL) levels. It is recommended to perform at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise or 75 minutes of high-intensity exercise per week. The type and intensity of exercise should be determined according to your own situation. It is recommended to consult a professional doctor. You should do some warm-up exercises before exercise. When exercising, you should pay attention to gradual progress. Do not squat or stand up suddenly. The movements should be gentle. If any discomfort occurs during exercise, you should stop immediately.

IV. Drug treatment: follow the doctor's advice and use drugs rationally

For patients who have been diagnosed with cerebral arteriosclerosis, doctors may prescribe antihypertensive drugs, antilipid drugs or other drugs. Patients should take the drugs strictly according to the doctor's instructions and have regular follow-up visits to monitor the efficacy and adjust the treatment plan.

In addition, with the coming of spring, the temperature difference between day and night is large, and the alternation of cold and warm air is frequent. Patients should pay attention to the weather forecast and add or remove clothes in time. On the one hand, they can prevent spring flu, and on the other hand, they can prevent blood pressure fluctuations caused by temperature changes. Usually, the indoor temperature should be controlled at around 20℃. Too high or too low will affect blood flow and blood viscosity. Do not get up immediately after getting up in the morning. You can sit slowly by the bed for 3-5 minutes, and then drink a glass of warm water to dilute the blood. If you feel uncomfortable in your daily life, such as dizziness, headache, and limb numbness, you should seek medical attention in time.

The prevention and management of cerebral vascular sclerosis is a long-term and comprehensive process that requires patients to make positive changes in all aspects of their lives. Through healthy diet, regular physical examinations, moderate exercise, and reasonable use of medication as prescribed by doctors, the risk of cerebral vascular sclerosis can be effectively reduced and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health can be protected. As medical staff, we must not only provide professional nursing services in clinical work, but also actively popularize health knowledge, guide the public to form a healthy lifestyle, and jointly build a line of defense for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health. (Luo Shuangwei, Lingshou County People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province)