Minimally invasive urology surgery

Minimally invasive techniques in urology

Treatment of urological diseases is mostly minimally invasive and can be divided into two categories.

1 Endoscopic surgery refers to the use of minimally invasive devices to enter the urinary system cavity for related surgical operations. Endoscopic surgery mainly includes cystourethroscopy, ureteroscopy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy, and seminal vesiculoscopy. Except for percutaneous nephrolithotomy, all endoscopic treatments pass through the urethra to enter the body's natural cavity - the urethra for related operations.

Cystoscopy is a procedure in which a scope is inserted into the urethra and bladder to examine and treat lesions in the bladder, urethra and prostate. It mainly includes cystoscopy, cystoscopic tissue biopsy, cystoscopic foreign body removal, transurethral resection of the prostate, transurethral resection of bladder tumors, and transurethral bladder stone lithotripsy.

Ureteroscopy is similar to cystoscopy, in that a scope is placed into the ureter to examine and treat lesions in the ureter. It mainly includes ureteroscopic exploration, ureteroscopic lithotripsy, ureteroscopic biopsy, electrocautery, and tumor resection.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a modern minimally invasive surgery that uses a nephroscope through the skin-nephrolithotomy channel, which is a channel that penetrates the skin into the renal pelvis and calyces, to perform in vivo surgical treatment, generally for lithotripsy or stone removal. This surgery is mainly suitable for all kidney stones that require open surgical intervention, as well as stones with severe obstruction above the fourth lumbar vertebra in the upper ureter.

2 Laparoscopic surgery is a surgical procedure performed through the abdomen or after the abdomen. It is a new surgical technique that inserts instruments into the abdomen through a tiny incision in the abdomen (without opening the abdomen) and uses a TV screen to examine, diagnose and treat diseases in the abdomen. It has less trauma, less interference, less pain for patients and faster recovery.