Things you don't know about anesthesia

In the clinical process, as one of the important branches of medicine, the smooth implementation of anesthesia is conducive to helping patients control pain, which is of great significance for the promotion of a series of invasive examinations and surgical treatments. However, due to the lack of systematic learning experience of anesthesia knowledge, many people's understanding of anesthesia is often one-sided. This article systematically introduces the relevant knowledge of anesthesia, aiming to effectively promote the popularization of relevant medical knowledge.

1. What is anesthesia?

Anesthesia means using drugs or other methods to temporarily make the patient lose sensation locally or as a whole in order to achieve painlessness. It can facilitate medical examinations or surgical treatments. In clinical practice, anesthesia can reversibly inhibit the function of the patient's central or peripheral nervous system. Its main feature is that it can control the pain sensation in a specific part of the patient, thereby temporarily losing the pain sensation.

2. Common anesthesia methods

1. General anesthesia

General anesthesia is relatively widely used in clinical procedures. It is administered by inhalation or intravenous drip, allowing patients to be in a state of moderate to severe sedation throughout the operation. Under general anesthesia, the patient's autonomous consciousness may be lost, and their pain sensation can be greatly limited, which is of great significance to the smooth progress of the patient's surgery. Generally, for surgeries that take a long time, are more traumatic, and have a lot of intraoperative bleeding, anesthesiologists will advocate the use of general anesthesia to perform anesthetic interventions on patients.

2. Epidural or subarachnoid block anesthesia

Epidural or subarachnoid block anesthesia is also known as "semi-anesthesia". This type of anesthesia is to use drugs to perform local anesthesia on the patient's body tissue. In general, this type of anesthesia has a wider range than simple local anesthesia, and is suitable for lower limb shortening surgery or caesarean section surgery.

3. Local anesthesia

Local anesthesia is usually suitable for surgeries with a limited scope and a short duration, and its impact on the patient's whole body is relatively small. During anesthesia, the patient's hemodynamic indicators are relatively stable. During the treatment process, local anesthesia is usually used for anesthesia intervention of patients for the removal of pigmented nevus and lipomas and oral treatment.

3. Precautions for anesthesia

1. Perform a comprehensive preoperative examination

Before anesthesia, the anesthesiologist should actively analyze and evaluate the patient's health condition. During this period, the anesthesiologist should organize the patient to undergo a comprehensive preoperative health examination to effectively understand the patient's true condition, which has important reference value for the formulation of subsequent anesthesia plans. At the same time, during the communication process, the anesthesiologist should also promptly ask the patient about the relevant medical history and previous anesthesia experience, which will help the anesthesiologist further understand the patient's health condition and then achieve scientific selection of anesthetic drugs, which is very helpful for the advancement of the patient's anesthesia work and ensure the continuous improvement of the patient's anesthesia safety.

2. Ensure that the patient is on an empty stomach

For patients who need anesthesia, before anesthesia, the anesthesiologist should actively inform the patient to fast and not drink, so that the patient is in an empty stomach state. Usually, patients should be guided to fast for 8 hours before anesthesia and not drink for 2 hours before anesthesia. This can help patients effectively reduce breathing and vomiting problems during anesthesia, which is of great significance for the protection of patient health. A large amount of research data shows that the advancement of related work can effectively avoid the occurrence of adverse events and aspiration pneumonia during anesthesia, which has a good auxiliary significance for the protection of the overall health of patients and promotes the continuous optimization and full improvement of the comprehensive level of anesthesia work.

3. Maintain oral hygiene

During anesthesia, due to general anesthesia, endotracheal intubation will bring oral bacteria into the trachea and lungs. Therefore, in order to effectively reduce the incidence of lung infection in patients, anesthesiologists should usually explain the relevant key points before anesthesia and guide patients to achieve reasonable protection of oral hygiene. Practice has shown that the promotion of related work can further promote the smooth progress of anesthesia work and is very helpful for ensuring the safety of anesthesia for patients.

From the perspective of the medical field, actively carrying out anesthesia work is crucial to protecting the physical and mental health of patients. Based on this, anesthesiologists should analyze and sort out the relevant content of anesthesia work, and effectively communicate with patients, so as to promote the continuous refinement of the anesthesia work model. During this period, by actively carrying out doctor-patient communication and exchanges, anesthesiologists can make scientific adjustments to the anesthesia plan according to the actual situation of the patient, which is very helpful for achieving the expected anesthesia effect. I believe that with the continuous deepening of anesthesia research and the full popularization of relevant knowledge, the overall quality of anesthesia work in my country will definitely be relatively improved. (Li Xia, Lingshou County People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province)