How to view gestational diabetes care

1. Basic knowledge of gestational diabetes

Gestational diabetes refers to abnormal blood sugar metabolism during pregnancy and is one of the common complications of pregnancy. The occurrence of gestational diabetes is related to factors such as insulin resistance, genetic factors, obesity and lifestyle. Pregnant women with gestational diabetes may experience symptoms such as increased blood sugar, positive urine sugar, edema, etc. during pregnancy, and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as macrosomia, fetal malformation, and premature birth is also increased.

2. Screening and diagnosis of gestational diabetes

Screening methods for gestational diabetes include routine blood sugar testing and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Routine blood sugar testing includes fasting blood sugar and 2-hour postprandial blood sugar, which is a preliminary screening method for gestational diabetes. Oral glucose tolerance test is a method for further confirming gestational diabetes, which is usually performed at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy.

The diagnostic criteria include fasting blood sugar ≥5.1 mmol/L, 1 hour postprandial blood sugar ≥10.0 mmol/L, and 2 hours postprandial blood sugar ≥8.5 mmol/L. If any of the above three indicators exceeds the normal range, gestational diabetes can be diagnosed.

3. Nursing methods for gestational diabetes

Diet care: Reasonable diet control is an important measure for the care of gestational diabetes. Pregnant women should follow the diet plan formulated by the doctor, control calorie intake, avoid high-sugar, high-fat, and high-salt foods, eat more vegetables, fruits, and whole grains, and maintain a balanced nutrition.

Exercise care: Appropriate exercise helps control blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity. Pregnant women can do gentle exercise such as walking and yoga under the guidance of a doctor, but should avoid strenuous exercise.

Drug treatment: For gestational diabetes that cannot be controlled by diet and exercise, doctors may prescribe insulin for treatment. Pregnant women need to use insulin correctly according to the doctor's instructions, pay attention to the injection site and dosage, and avoid hypoglycemia.

Self-monitoring: Pregnant women should monitor their blood sugar levels regularly, keep records, and promptly detect abnormal conditions and take measures. Blood sugar monitoring can help you understand the effects of diet, exercise, and medication on blood sugar, and provide a basis for adjusting treatment plans.

Regular prenatal check-ups: Pregnant women should go to the hospital for regular prenatal check-ups to assess fetal development and blood sugar control. Doctors will adjust treatment plans based on the individual conditions of pregnant women to ensure the health of both mother and baby.

4. Education and psychological counseling for gestational diabetes

Health education: Pregnant women should understand the basic knowledge, hazards and prevention methods of gestational diabetes and improve their understanding of the disease. Pregnant women and their families should actively cooperate with the doctor's treatment plan and master the nursing measures in terms of diet, exercise, and medication.

Psychological counseling: Gestational diabetes may cause anxiety, depression and other negative emotions in pregnant women. Family members and medical staff should pay attention to the psychological state of pregnant women, give them care and support, help them relieve stress and enhance their confidence. At the same time, pregnant women are encouraged to maintain a positive and optimistic attitude, cooperate with treatment and manage their emotions.

Conclusion

Gestational diabetes is one of the common complications of pregnancy and has a certain impact on the health of mothers and babies. Early detection and treatment of gestational diabetes through screening and diagnosis is crucial. Reasonable diet care, exercise care and drug treatment are effective means to control blood sugar levels. At the same time, strengthening self-monitoring and regular prenatal examinations can timely understand changes in the condition and adjust treatment plans. It is also crucial to provide health education and psychological counseling for pregnant women. (Zhang Yan, Medical World)