After a young man started running 1 km, he developed myalgia, soy sauce urine, and renal failure! What is the reason?

A 23-year-old young man joined a public institution this year and needed to do a physical fitness test and run 1 kilometer. Because he was preparing for a written test, he had not exercised for a long time, and he ran hard and got the first place. The next day after the physical fitness test, he felt pain all over his body. He went to the hospital for a check-up. The internist found that his creatine kinase was more than 100 times that of a normal person. The initial diagnosis was rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure! He had to be hospitalized. Fortunately, with timely symptomatic treatment, the young man was soon cured and discharged from the hospital.

1. What is rhabdomyolysis (RML)?

It is a series of symptoms caused by acute damage to skeletal muscle tissue, which changes the integrity of the muscle fiber membrane and causes the release of cell contents such as myoglobin, enzymes and electrolytes into the blood. The main manifestations are muscle pain, black urine, muscle swelling, and skin compression necrosis. Severe cases can lead to renal failure.

The typical "triad" of rhabdomyolysis: myalgia, fatigue and dark urine.

Hyperkalemia is another common life-threatening complication of rhabdomyolysis. Hyperkalemia caused by rhabdomyolysis often occurs and develops very rapidly. In severe cases, it can cause cardiac arrest in a very short time.

2. What are the causes of the disease?

Causes include muscle trauma (such as strenuous exercise, crush injuries, or epileptic seizures), heat stroke, electrolyte imbalances, infections, ingestion of specific drugs (or toxins), and various serious diseases that can cause physical imbalances.

Approximately 80% of rhabdomyolysis is caused by drugs, and it is well known that improper use of statins can easily cause rhabdomyolysis.

The combined use of drugs such as fibrates, cyclosporine, macrolide antibiotics, warfarin, statins, digoxin, etc. may lead to this disease.

In the summer nights, many people like to have a late-night meal with friends and family. Among all kinds of food, crayfish is very popular. However, it is necessary to avoid eating contaminated or unknown crayfish, and be careful to prevent "rhabdomyolysis".

3. Principles of prevention and treatment

1. Early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment will give most patients a good prognosis. Warm up fully and try to avoid high-intensity training in hot and humid weather and environments;

2. During exercise, you should pay attention to replenishing water and electrolytes in time to help the kidneys excrete metabolic waste in time. When you feel unwell, don't force yourself to stay awake, rest and seek medical treatment in time to avoid delaying treatment;

3. While eliminating the cause of the disease, timely and active fluid replacement and adequate hydration should be provided to maintain the stability of vital signs and the internal environment, eliminate substances harmful to the body, maintain water, electrolyte and acid-base balance, and perform renal replacement and organ support treatments such as hemofiltration and hemodialysis when necessary.

4. Can I still exercise?

Young and middle-aged people who often sit for long periods of time should actively participate in fitness exercises to get rid of the troubles of sub-health status. This is worth encouraging, but scientific, reasonable, moderate and effective fitness should be given more attention. Because excessive and blind exercise is harmful and useless! It is recommended to proceed step by step, combine work and rest, and do what you can.

Especially if you haven't exercised for a long time, it is easy to get rhabdomyolysis syndrome if the intensity of exercise is very high!

For people who exercise regularly, rhabdomyolysis is less likely.

Therefore, scientific exercise is important.