How Much Do You Know About Blood Pressure Terminology?

01

blood pressure

Blood pressure (BP) in English refers to the pressure exerted on the blood vessel wall by the blood after the blood is pumped out from the heart. This pressure is called blood pressure. Blood pressure is an important sign of the human body.

02

Systolic blood pressure (SBP), also known as high blood pressure, refers to the pressure in the arteries that rises when the heart contracts. The pressure in the arteries is highest in the middle of the heart contraction. At this time, the pressure of the blood on the inner wall of the blood vessels is called systolic pressure.
03

Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) is also called low pressure. It is the end of diastole when blood temporarily stops entering the artery. The blood that has already flowed into the artery continues to flow due to the elasticity and tension of the blood vessel wall, and still exerts pressure on the blood vessel wall. The blood pressure at this time is called diastolic pressure.
04

mmHg
The unit of blood pressure is generally read as millimeters of mercury in Chinese.
05

Hypertension generally refers to office SBP ≥ 140 mmHg and/or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg without the use of antihypertensive drugs.
06

Risk factors

Factors that increase the likelihood of disease or death. Risk factors for hypertension include age, family history, overweight and obesity, lifestyle habits (lack of physical activity, stress, and smoking), and dietary factors (high-fat or high-sodium diet, low-potassium diet, or excessive alcohol consumption). These factors can increase the risk of developing hypertension.
07

24-hour dynamic blood pressure measurement is a type of blood pressure measurement method. It is generally a monitoring technology that uses an instrument to automatically and intermittently measure blood pressure in daily life.
08

Home self-blood pressure monitoring is a method of blood pressure measurement, which is generally completed by the subject at home, but can also be assisted by family members.
09

Masked hypertension (MH) is unaware or undetected hypertension. Clinical manifestations include normal blood pressure in the clinic (<140/90 mmHg) and higher blood pressure outside the clinic (home blood pressure ≥135/85 mmHg, 24-hour average blood pressure ≥130/80 mmHg).
10

White coat hypertension (WCH) is high blood pressure caused by stress in a medical environment. Specifically, it means that some patients have elevated blood pressure when measured in a doctor's office, but their blood pressure is normal when they self-measure their blood pressure at home or use 24-hour dynamic blood pressure monitoring (the patient carries the blood pressure measuring device himself without medical staff present).

11

Isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) refers to a person's diastolic blood pressure (low blood pressure) being normal (<90 mmHg), and only the systolic blood pressure (high blood pressure) exceeding the normal range (≥140 mmHg). It is common in the elderly.
12

Blood pressure reaching the target value range means that the blood pressure is controlled within the corresponding target value range. The blood pressure target value range is different for different patients and different conditions.