What are the basic properties of an electromagnet? Why can't a broken magnet be attracted together again?

The internal structure of magnet atoms is quite special, and it has magnetic moment. Magnets can generate magnetic fields. A coil with current flowing through it has magnetism like a magnet, and it is also called an electromagnet. Why can't a broken magnet be attracted together again? Are you curious about this phenomenon?

Contents of this article

1. What are the basic properties of electromagnets?

2. Why can't the magnet be attracted together again after it breaks?

3. Why do magnets have positive and negative poles?

What are the basic properties of an electromagnet?

An electromagnet is a device that generates electromagnetism when electricity is applied. A conductive winding that matches its power is wound around the outside of the iron core. This coil with current flowing through it has magnetism like a magnet, and it is also called an electromagnet. It is usually made into a bar or hoof shape to make the iron core easier to magnetize. In addition, in order to demagnetize the electromagnet immediately when the power is turned off, soft iron or silicon steel materials with faster demagnetization are often used to make it. Such an electromagnet is magnetic when the power is on, and the magnetism disappears when the power is turned off. Electromagnets are extremely widely used in our daily lives, and their invention has also greatly improved the power of generators.

Why can't magnets stick together again if they break?

If the fracture surface is perpendicular to the magnetic lines of force inside the magnet, then after it breaks, the two broken ends will have opposite magnetic poles and will attract each other.

If the fracture surface is parallel to the magnetic field lines inside the magnet, then after breaking, the two broken ends will have the same magnetic poles and will not attract each other.

The components of magnets are iron, cobalt, nickel and other atoms. The internal structure of the atoms is quite special and they have magnetic moments. Magnets can generate magnetic fields and have the characteristics of attracting ferromagnetic materials such as iron, nickel, cobalt and other metals.

Classification: Magnets can be divided into "permanent magnets" and "non-permanent magnets". Permanent magnets can be natural products, also known as natural magnets, or they can be artificially made. Non-permanent magnets, such as electromagnets, only become magnetic under certain conditions.

Why do magnets have positive and negative poles?

The positive and negative poles of a magnet are determined by the properties of the magnet.

According to the atomic current, the magnetic field generated by the current magnetizes other objects, and the magnetized objects generate electric fields, and the electric fields interact with each other to generate forces. Therefore, magnets are divided into positive and negative poles.

Most substances are composed of molecules, which are composed of atoms, which are composed of nuclei and electrons. Inside atoms, electrons rotate constantly and revolve around the nuclei. Both of these movements of electrons will produce magnetism.

However, in most substances, the directions of electron movement are different and chaotic, and the magnetic effects cancel each other out. Therefore, most substances do not exhibit magnetism under normal circumstances.