Leg swelling is not a small matter, be careful of lower extremity venous thrombosis

Lying in bed to recuperate, my body gradually became thinner and my legs became fatter.

The swelling is unbearable and I can’t bear to pull it out. Who can help me solve the problem?

The culprit is actually it, damn it,

Venous thrombosis is the source, prevention and treatment maintain health.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower extremities refers to a disease in which blood abnormally coagulates in the deep veins due to various reasons, blocking the return of blood from the lower extremity veins and causing inflammatory changes in the venous walls.

1. Causes of formation

1. Causes that lead to blood stasis, such as long-term bed rest, trauma or fracture, major surgery, pregnancy, childbirth, long-distance car or airplane rides, or long-term sitting or squatting.

2. Causes that lead to a hypercoagulable state of blood, such as trauma, post-surgery, extensive burns, pregnancy and postpartum, can lead to increased platelet count and enhanced adhesion. In addition, trauma and extensive burns, long-term use of contraceptives can also induce thrombosis.

3. Causes of venous wall damage: When the venous wall is damaged by any factor (commonly mechanical damage, infection, and chemical damage, etc.), it is conducive to the formation of blood clots.

2. Clinical manifestations

1. Limb swelling

2. Tenderness. If deep tenderness occurs when squeezing the calf, thrombosis should be suspected.

3. When the ankle is dorsiflexed, it may cause deep pain in the calf muscles

4. Superficial varicose veins

3. Diagnosis

1. Modified Wells score

2. Doppler ultrasound examination

3. Venography

4. Plasma D-dimer determination

5. Spiral CT venography

IV. Treatment

Anticoagulation therapy, thrombolytic therapy, surgical embolectomy, lower extremity venous filter placement

5. Complications

1. Pulmonary embolism: Emboli may be dislodged during blood flow or thrombolysis, and large emboli can cause death within a few minutes.

2. Bleeding: The most important complication of thrombolytic therapy is bleeding. Particular attention should be paid to gastrointestinal intracranial hemorrhage. The patient should be closely observed during and after the thrombolytic process for bleeding tendencies.

3. Post-thrombotic syndrome: During the process of thrombus organization, the venous valves are damaged, even disappear or adhere to the wall of the venous valve, leading to secondary deep venous valvular insufficiency, namely post-thrombotic syndrome, which is mainly manifested by chronic edema, pain, muscle fatigue (venous claudication) of the lower limbs, varicose veins, pigmentation, and changes in the fiber of the subcutaneous tissue. In severe cases, local ulcers may form.

6. High-risk groups

1. Long-term bed rest or inability to move lower limbs normally

2. Sitting for a long time and not exercising for a long time

3. Diseases such as atherosclerosis and cancer

4. Women who take oral contraceptives, are pregnant or have just given birth

VII. Preventive measures

1. Basic preventive measures: frequent turning over, ankle pumps, early bed activities, lower limb rehabilitation training

2. Physical prevention: elastic stockings, air pressure therapy

3. Drug prevention: use of anticoagulants