What causes a double uterus?

Uterus didelphys is a type of abnormal uterine development, and the incidence rate of uterus didelphys in humans is one in a million. During the sixth week of embryonic development, the paramesonephric ducts emerge, one above and one below. The paramesonephric duct gives rise to the bilateral fallopian tubes, the middle area of ​​which evolves into the uterus, while the two sides merge into the cervix and the upper part of the vagina. If the upper and lower mesonephric ducts do not merge at all, two uteruses will be formed, with only the bilateral fallopian tubes and uterus and ovaries on that side, separated by connective tissue, with two cervixes and two vaginas.

What causes a double uterus?

In clinical medicine, double uterus is a reproductive malformation. It occurs when the mullerian ducts on both sides of the embryo develop normally during puberty, but are not fully fused and develop separately, resulting in this phenomenon. The prevalence of this condition is relatively low, and generally there are no symptoms, but some people will experience symptoms such as heavy menstrual flow and prolonged menstruation, often accompanied by double vagina. Patients with twin uterus should pay more attention to the symptoms of miscarriage in the early stages of pregnancy, such as vaginal bleeding, lower abdominal tightening, waist soreness, lower back pain and other discomforts. If these symptoms occur, they should go to the hospital immediately for fetal care. Generally, a double uterus does not require treatment.

The diagnosis of uterus bifida should be based on a gynecological examination. Speculum examination can show two vaginas, two cervixes, and two completely separated uteri. B-ultrasound scanning and hysterosalplasty can be used for diagnosis.

What are the harms of having a double uterus?

Women with Gemini uterus are more likely to suffer from irregular menstruation, menstrual pain and other symptoms. Because both uteruses cause menstrual cycles, but at the beginning of menstruation, one side of the cervix may become "invisible", causing the menstrual period of one side of the uterus to be unable to be discharged normally, resulting in menstrual pain. At this time, the pain can be relieved by undergoing cervical dilation surgery to allow menstruation to be discharged normally.

What should I do if I have a twin uterus pregnancy?

After pregnancy, the non-pregnant uterus is usually enlarged due to endocrine influences. If it is located in the uterine duodenal pouch, it may cause obstructive pulmonary emphysema and dystocia during delivery, and a caesarean section may be required.

Patients with double uterus suffer more miscarriages, and very few have normal deliveries. Generally, cesarean sections are required to give birth to babies successfully.

There are certain risk factors for a twin pregnancy. Because when one uterus is pregnant, the other infertile uterus will prevent the fetus from descending, causing uterine contractions to become weak, and ultimately requiring a cesarean section; and when both uteruses are pregnant, it will affect the growth and development of the fetus and make miscarriage more likely.

Therefore, when patients with double uterus decide to get pregnant, they should determine which of the two uteruses is more suitable for pregnancy through examination, and then use B-ultrasound to test the ovulation status of the uterus and ovaries. If the left uterus is well developed, you can use B-ultrasound to get pregnant as soon as possible when the left uterus and ovulation are shown. This can prevent the fetus from implanting in the underdeveloped uterus and affecting the normal growth and development of the fetus.