Down syndrome is also known as Trisomy 21 syndrome. One of the most important clinical characteristics of this disease is the appearance of a unique appearance, constant desire to sleep, difficulty in feeding, and low immune function. The crying sound of such children is relatively high-pitched, like the meow of a cat. In addition, they may be short in stature, their bone age may be significantly lower than the normal average value for children of the same age, their front teeth may grow slowly and may be dislocated. They sleep a lot every day, and some children may always want to sleep. Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal abnormality, which is an extra copy of the 21st sex chromosome. The main clinical symptoms are significant intellectual disability, unusual appearance, developmental disorders and multiple deformities. Children with Down syndrome often show symptoms of always wanting to sleep and difficulty feeding when they are born, which are the main manifestations of intellectual disability. As the baby's age increases, it gradually intensifies, and there will be corresponding delays in posture growth and sexual development. There is no difference in the crying sound from that of a normal child. Introduction to Down syndrome Down syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, is also known as congenital idiocy in China. It is one of the most common and serious birth defects. The clinical symptoms are: the patient has a unique appearance, upturned upper eyelids, a flat nose bridge, a mouth that often sticks out, weak eye muscles and dysphoria. The vast majority of patients suffer from severe intellectual disabilities accompanied by abnormalities of various internal organs, such as congenital heart disease, sepsis, digestive malformations, etc. The disease has spread almost all over the world, with very few racial differences. According to statistical analysis, the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in newborns is 5-6/1000, and Down syndrome is about 1/750. Most patients are born with this condition, but the incidence increases with the age of the mother. Generally, if the mother is over 35 years old, the fertility rate of this patient can reach 1/350. In the past, prenatal testing for this type of disease could only be done through amniocentesis or villus sampling. However, this method is time-consuming, expensive, and inconvenient to operate, so it is only limited to a part of high-risk pregnant women. According to statistics, about 80% of fetal sex chromosome disorders occur in normal pregnant women. This is because the absolute number of fertility in this group exceeds that of key groups. Therefore, prenatal examinations for them cannot be ignored from the perspective of eugenics. The specific situation is that the prenatal examination units for this group have so far been unable to undertake the task, which has ultimately turned this group into a blind spot for eugenics. |
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