How to supplement iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy

For ordinary women, it is actually very easy to develop iron anemia. For special groups of people such as pregnant women, once they develop iron anemia, they can easily be in danger. Iron anemia is relatively easy to treat. The best dietary therapy for iron anemia during pregnancy is to eat more foods containing iron. Of course, you can also take some oral medications.

The need for folic acid increases during pregnancy. The minimum daily dietary folic acid requirement for normal pregnancy is 500-600 μg to meet the needs of the fetus and maintain normal folic acid storage in the mother. Twin pregnancies require even greater amounts of folic acid. Women with megaloblastic anemia often suffer from severe nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite during pregnancy, and therefore consume even less folic acid. When pregnant women have gastrointestinal diseases, such as chronic atrophic gastritis, partial or subtotal gastrectomy, etc., the secretion of intrinsic factor by gastric mucosal parietal cells is reduced, leading to vitamin B12 absorption disorder and aggravating folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiency.

treat

1. Strengthen nutritional guidance during pregnancy, change bad eating habits, eat more fresh vegetables, fruits, melons, beans, meat, animal liver and kidneys and other foods.

2. In the second half of pregnancy, give 5 mg of folic acid orally daily, or 10-30 mg of folic acid intramuscularly once a day until the symptoms disappear and anemia is corrected. If the treatment effect is not significant, you should check for iron deficiency and give iron supplements at the same time.

3. Vitamin B12 100 μg intramuscular injection, once a day for 2 weeks. Later change to twice a week until hemoglobin returns to normal. For patients with neurological symptoms, taking folic acid alone may aggravate the symptoms and should be used with caution.

4. When hemoglobin is <60g/L, small amounts of fresh blood or concentrated red blood cells can be transfused intermittently.

5. Avoid prolonged labor, prevent postpartum hemorrhage, and prevent infection during delivery.

In addition to the general symptoms of anemia, there are the following characteristics:

1. Most cases occur in late pregnancy, with about 50% occurring after 31 weeks of pregnancy and the rest occurring in the puerperium. It is common around the age of 30, more common in multiparas than primiparas, and more common in multiple births than in single births. 25% of patients are prone to recurrence during the next pregnancy.

2. The onset is acute and anemia is usually moderate or severe. The symptoms are often dizziness, fatigue, general edema, palpitations, shortness of breath, pale skin and mucous membranes, diarrhea, glossitis, and nipple atrophy. Low-grade fever, splenomegaly, and apathy are also common.

3. Digestive tract symptoms are obvious. Some patients have nausea, loss of appetite, vomiting and diarrhea, which may be accompanied by pain in the tongue and lips. During acute attacks, the tip and edge of the tongue are obviously painful, and the tongue surface is bright red, the so-called "beef tongue". Bloody blisters or shallow ulcers may appear, and the lingual papillae may further atrophy into a "bald tongue".