Female reproductive organs

The structure of the female reproductive system is very complex, and each part has different divisions of labor. Once an abnormality occurs in a certain link, physical health will also become abnormal. In fact, most women may not be particularly familiar with their own reproductive structure. If women want to keep themselves healthy, it is necessary to understand their own reproductive structure, which can prevent the occurrence of many diseases.

Female reproductive organs

The female reproductive structure includes internal genitalia and external genitalia. The external genitalia is also called the vulva. It includes the mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, vestibule, Bartholin's glands, vestibular bulbs, urethral orifice, vaginal orifice and hymen. The female internal reproductive organs consist of the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus and vagina.

Except for the clitoris, the rest of the vulva is just a surface part. The clitoris is located at the top of the labia minora, in front and above the vaginal opening and urethral opening. The clitoris is the most sensitive sexual organ because it has very rich sensory nerves. It can arouse intense sexual excitement and orgasm, especially when touched. Therefore, the clitoris plays an important role in the life of couples.

The vagina is like an inverted bottle, about 8-10 cm long. It will become larger when sexually excited. It is not only the channel for fetal delivery, but also the reproductive tract, and the place for sexual intercourse. The upper end is connected to the cervix, and the lower end is the vaginal opening, which is also the gateway for excreting menstruation and secretions. It also secretes lubricating fluid and is the first line of defense against foreign pathogens.

The uterus is located above the reproductive system and is shaped like an inverted pear. The surrounding ligament tissue fixes it in the pelvic cavity. The uterus is divided into three parts: the body, the fundus and the cervix. The cervix is ​​connected to the vagina at the lower end. The cervix is ​​generally 2-3 cm long. The lowest end of the cervix is ​​the cervical opening. The cervical opening of women who have not given birth is round, while that of women who have given birth is transversely fissured. Both estrogen and progesterone have a stimulating effect on the endometrium, which can change significantly with the sexual cycle (estrus, menstrual cycle). Under the stimulation of hormones secreted by the ovaries, the endometrium gradually thickens regularly and eventually falls off. The capillaries in the endometrium rupture, causing bleeding and the formation of menstruation. So the uterus is the factory of menstruation. When the fertilized egg is formed, it implants in the uterus and begins to develop and grow. After a long ten months of pregnancy, the uterus contracts and the new life is born. Therefore, the uterus is also the cradle of life.

The fallopian tubes are divided into left and right sides because humans have two ovaries. The fallopian tube is a thin tube about 10-13 cm long that connects the uterus and the ovary. It is the channel for transporting eggs and sperm. After the egg enters the fallopian tube, the cilia on the inner wall of the fallopian tube will move, pushing the egg toward the uterus. If it encounters sperm head-on, a fertilized egg will be formed. Therefore, it is also the place where sperm and egg meet. After the fertilized egg is formed, it will gradually swim into the uterus and eventually settle down there, and a new journey of fame begins.

The ovaries are the female sex glands, one on each side. Its main functions are to produce eggs and secrete hormones. A woman will produce many egg follicles throughout her life, but only one mature egg will be released each month. The secreted hormones are also called hormones, including estrogen (also known as estrogen), androgen and progesterone. Female hormones directly affect secondary sexual characteristics, such as breast development, body shape, skin smoothness, voice pronunciation, etc., and are important for maintaining female sexual function, so the ovaries are female gonad organs. When women reach menopause, their ovarian function begins to atrophy, they stop ovulating, and they lose their fertility. Their hormone levels begin to decline, their skin becomes rough, their sexual function declines, and their body shape becomes distorted. Without hormonal stimulation, the endometrium cannot shed, leading to menopause. This disrupts a woman's entire endocrine system. Some women may experience insomnia, suspicion, irritability, and other nervous system disorders. Therefore, ovarian maintenance is extremely important, and proper maintenance can delay women's aging.