Leukorrhea plus sign

If after the examination of leucorrhea, it is found that the white blood cell number shows a plus sign, it means that the white blood cell index in the body is still relatively high. Once this situation occurs, it may be due to the invasion of fungi, gonorrhea and other pathogens, causing organ tissues to be damaged. At this time, you should do a vaginal examination again to determine the cause of the disease and find the most correct treatment measures.

Abnormal results: Vaginal pH: The normal vaginal pH is between 4 and 4.5, which is weakly acidic and can prevent pathogenic bacteria from multiplying in the vagina. The pH of candidal vaginitis can be within this range. When suffering from trichomoniasis or bacterial vaginitis, the pH of leucorrhea increases and can be greater than 5-6. Vaginal cleanliness: It is generally divided into four degrees. Generally, degrees I and II are normal, while degrees III and IV indicate vaginitis, that is, a large number of white blood cells or bacteria can be seen in the secretion picture. Microbiological examination: There will generally be items such as fungi, Trichomonas, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. If present, the result will be indicated as “+”.

Amine test: The leucorrhea of ​​patients with bacterial vaginosis may have a fishy odor, which is caused by the amines in the leucorrhea being volatilized after being alkalized with potassium hydroxide. Clue cells: Clue cells are the most sensitive and specific sign of bacterial vaginosis. Clinicians can make a diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis based on a positive amine test and the presence of clue cells. People who need to be checked: women with colorless paste-like leucorrhea, bean curd-like leucorrhea, foamy leucorrhea, purulent leucorrhea, and watery leucorrhea.

1. Vaginal pH

The normal vaginal pH is 4-4.5, which is slightly acidic and can prevent pathogenic bacteria from multiplying in the vagina.

2. Vaginal cleanliness

Vaginal cleanliness can be divided into 4 levels: Level I: A large number of vaginal epithelial cells and vaginal bacilli can be seen under a microscope. Grade II: Vaginal epithelial cells, a small amount of white blood cells, some vaginal bacilli, and a small amount of miscellaneous bacteria or pus cells are seen under the microscope. Grade III: A small amount of vaginal bacilli, a large number of pus cells and miscellaneous bacteria are seen under the microscope. Grade IV: No vaginal bacilli are seen under the microscope, and except for a small amount of epithelial cells, there are mainly pus cells and miscellaneous bacteria. Grades I to II are normal, and grades III to IV are abnormal leucorrhea, indicating vaginal inflammation.

3. Vaginal Microbiome

Normal situation: None. There will usually be items such as fungi, trichomonas, and gonococci. If there are any, it will be marked as "+" (positive) on the result, and if not, it will be marked as "-" (negative).

4. Amine test is also called amine odor test

It is a method for diagnosing bacterial vaginosis. If you suffer from bacterial gynecological inflammation, your leucorrhea may have a fishy odor, because the amines produced by anaerobic bacteria release ammonia when they come into contact with potassium hydroxide.

5. Clue Cells

It is the most sensitive and specific sign of bacterial vaginosis. The diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis can be made based on a positive amine test and the presence of clue cells.