Treatment of ovarian tumors

The ovaries are also an important organ in the female reproductive system, and the main function of the ovaries is to secrete progesterone and promote the release of eggs. Therefore, if there is a problem with the ovaries, it will affect a woman's normal fertility. As women age, they will face various gynecological problems. Ovarian tumor is a more serious gynecological problem. How should they be treated after suffering from ovarian tumor?

How to treat ovarian tumors

1. Surgical treatment

It is the main treatment method. During surgery, the abdominal cavity should be explored first to determine the extent of the lesion and whether there is lymph node metastasis. For stage I cancer, peritoneal fluid or peritoneal washings should be sent for cytological examination at the same time as surgery. Total hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy, omentectomy and appendectomy should be performed whenever possible. Young patients with stage Ia tumor with intact tumor capsule, low malignancy and no tumor cells found in the peritoneal fluid can undergo only ipsilateral oophorectomy and receive close follow-up after surgery. The scope of surgery for stage II, III, and IV cancer is the same as that for stage I cancer, except that the abdominal aorta and pelvic lymph nodes must be cleared, and metastases with a diameter of more than 2 cm in the pelvic and abdominal cavities may be removed one by one. On the basis of the above wide resection, residual small lesions may be eradicated by chemotherapy or radiotherapy. When radical surgery is not possible, most of the tumor should be removed, followed by chemotherapy and another surgery after the tumor has shrunk.

2. Chemotherapy

Ovarian cancer is relatively sensitive to chemotherapy. The most commonly used and most effective drugs are alkylating agents, and other types of drugs also have certain effects. Currently commonly used drugs include cyclophosphamide, thiotepa, phenylpropionate mustard, dactinomycin, melphalan, chloranil, 5-fluorouracil, hexamethasone, cisplatin, doxorubicin, etc. Multiple courses of treatment can be repeated alone or in combination. In addition to systemic application, the drug can also be administered intraperitoneally or injected through a catheter in the inferior epigastric artery to achieve a higher local drug concentration and enhance efficacy.

3. Radiotherapy

Large-area intraperitoneal injections will result in too severe a tissue reaction for patients to tolerate, and are therefore rarely used. In recent years, the application of high-voltage band-shaped moving multiple irradiation technology can reduce side effects and may have a better effect in preventing tumor recurrence. The radioactive isotope 32P can also be injected into the peritoneal cavity.

4. Disease-free treatment

It is an auxiliary treatment method that has emerged in recent years. Its purpose is to enhance the body's immune function and specifically kill tumor cells. It has now entered the clinical use stage.

What causes ovarian tumors?

1. Genetic factors

The incidence of ovarian tumors is very high, and there is also a chance of inheritance. According to statistics, nearly 30% of ovarian tumor patients have a family history of the disease.

2. Living environment

A person’s living environment is very important. If one lives in an environment where food is contaminated for a long time, the chance of getting sick will be higher. In addition, if women often take diet pills or other supplements containing hormones, their chances of developing ovarian tumors will be very high.

3. Substandard sanitary napkins

Some sanitary napkins on the market are not produced in accordance with national standards. Those tiny debris that appear through the surface can enter the ovaries through the vagina during use and form ovarian tumors. In addition, the occurrence of this disease is also related to the patient's usual hygiene habits.

4. Being too fat

Nearly half of women with ovarian cancer are overweight. Being too fat will increase the male hormone level in the body and increase the incidence of various diseases, so female friends who are too fat, start losing weight quickly!

The dangers of ovarian tumors

1. It may affect your life: Ovarian tumors may cause abdominal pain, back pain or sciatica in the early stage. If the pelvic veins are compressed, lower limb edema may occur. Huge tumors may compress the bladder, causing frequent urination, difficulty urinating, and urine retention. Compression of the rectum may cause difficulty in defecation. Compression of the gastrointestinal tract may cause digestive tract symptoms. Compression of the diaphragm may cause breathing difficulties, inability to lie flat, and other symptoms, which seriously affect women's lives.

2. Cause tumor malignancy: The early symptoms of ovarian tumors are not obvious. If the tumor is not discovered in time and gradually grows, it is very likely to become malignant. Therefore, experts from obstetrics and gynecology hospitals say that regular gynecological examinations once a year are very necessary for adult women.

3. Life-threatening: Ovarian tumors grow in hidden locations and their early symptoms are not obvious, making them difficult to detect. When they are discovered, they are usually in the late stages, seriously endangering the patient's life. According to statistics, deaths due to ovarian tumors account for the largest proportion of all gynecological tumors, posing a serious threat to women's lives and health.