How can a miscarriage occur in early pregnancy?

Pregnancy is a very happy thing for women, because it is a necessary process for nurturing a new life and it is a matter of great significance to the family. Women also face great health threats during pregnancy because the fetus can be easily affected by various factors during development, which can hinder the baby's development. For example, how can a miscarriage occur in early pregnancy? Let’s take a look at the explanation below.

1. Age. Babies conceived by older women are more likely to have chromosomal abnormalities, which can lead to miscarriage.

2. Genetic defects. If either spouse has chromosomal abnormalities, it can be passed on to the next generation, and 50% to 60% of embryos with chromosomal abnormalities will result in early spontaneous abortion.

3. Systemic diseases: Systemic infection and high fever during pregnancy can cause uterine contractions and lead to miscarriage.

4. Uterine and cervical problems. Uterine malformations (such as uterine hypoplasia, double uterus, uterine septum, etc.) and uterine tumors can affect embryo implantation and development and lead to miscarriage. Severe cervical lacerations and relaxation of the internal cervical os lead to premature rupture of membranes and late spontaneous abortion.

5. Have a history of birth defects or genetic diseases. Have given birth to a baby with a birth defect, or the pregnant woman (or her partner) has a family history of genetic diseases.

6. Certain infectious diseases. Studies have found that the risk of miscarriage increases if a pregnant woman has listeriosis, mumps, rubella, measles, cytomegalovirus infection, parvovirus infection, gonorrhea, HIV infection, or other infectious diseases.

7. Bad habits. Excessive smoking, alcoholism, excessive drinking of coffee, heroin and other drugs can all cause miscarriage.

8. Immune dysfunction: Pregnancy is similar to allogeneic transplantation. There is a complex and special immunological relationship between the embryo and the mother, which prevents the embryo from being rejected. If the immune system of both mother and child is not compatible, the mother may reject the embryo and cause miscarriage.

9. Exposure to toxic environments. Exposure to certain chemicals such as lead, arsenic, formaldehyde, benzene, ethylene oxide, as well as large amounts of radiation or inhaled anesthetics can increase the risk of miscarriage.