Primary amenorrhea definition

Primary amenorrhea refers to women who have not had their first menstruation at the legal age of 18 or whose secondary sexual characteristics have been fully developed for more than 2 years. It is common in congenital reproductive system growth and development abnormalities such as uterine hypoplasia, congenital uterine and ovarian hypoplasia, low primary pituitary gonadotropin effect and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. In very rare cases, it should be occult amenorrhea caused by external reproductive system atresia.

Causes of primary amenorrhea

Primary amenorrhea

Active hepatitis, such as moderate to severe pulmonary tuberculosis, severe anemia, malnutrition, etc.; unique endocrine diseases, such as "obesity, reproductive asthenia and malnutrition", etc.; the influence of some endocrine glands in the body, such as kidney, thyroid cysts, pancreas and other neurological disorders. Because of the influence of this factor, menstruation often does not occur. For amenorrhea caused by these types of conditions, once the symptoms are cured, menstruation will naturally return.

Primary amenorrhea, atresia of the lower genital tract

For example, if there is a congenital closure of the cervix, vagina, ruptured hymen, or vulva, or an acquired injury leads to adhesion closure, although there is menstruation, menstruation cannot be discharged. This situation is called latent or hidden amenorrhea. The lower part of the reproductive system is blocked and can be completely cured after treatment by a doctor.

Primary amenorrhea Male reproductive organ insufficiency

Some people are born without uterus and ovaries, or their uterus and ovaries are underdeveloped, or their uterus and ovaries are damaged, and they cannot produce estrogen and oestrogen. Therefore, the uterine wall cannot undergo regular changes, and uterine wall shedding is not likely to occur, so there is no menarche. Some women are born without a uterus, or their uterine wall is underdeveloped, or their uterine wall is damaged. Even if their ovaries are complete and the secretion of estrogen and estrogen is normal, they will not have their periods.

Primary amenorrhea Other

In addition, tuberculous endometritis and abnormal pituitary and hypothalamic pituitary function can also lead to amenorrhea. There are many reasons for the imbalance of hypothalamic pituitary function, such as mental stimulation, sadness and anxiety, fear and restlessness, anxiety and fatigue, as well as changes in the natural environment and cold stimulation. Amenorrhea caused by the hypothalamus-pituitary gland is more common.

Diagnosis of Primary Amenorrhea

Primary amenorrhea, uterine vaginal dysplasia

Uterine vaginal dysplasia is mainly caused by dysplasia of the bilateral mesonephric ducts. The middle and tail sections of the paramesonephric ducts on both sides have not developed, that is, the paramesonephric ducts stop developing before extending to the midline, so a uterus cannot be formed. The main clinical manifestations are congenital absence of uterus and vagina. If the two mesonephric ducts stop growing soon after merging, a primordial uterus is formed. This type of uterus is small, has no endometrium, and therefore has no menstrual period. If the two paramesonephric ducts merge to form a uterus but do not fully penetrate, a solid uterus is formed without a uterine wall; or if the development stops shortly after fully penetrating, a pediatric uterus is formed. The main manifestation is primary amenorrhea. If part of the uterine wall is damaged, amenorrhea may be accompanied by regular abdominal pain. The IQ, body shape and secondary sexual characteristics are all normal. The hypothalamus-pituitary-pituitary-ovarian axis functioned normally, and the chromosome karyotype was 46,XX.