Is immune infertility serious? Please see the professional answer of gynecologist

There are many factors that lead to female infertility, one of which is the immune factor. This type of infertility is medically called immune infertility. According to gynecologists, immune infertility is relatively serious, but it can still be cured with current medical means.

1. Block the zona pellucida recognition point on the acrosome membrane, inhibiting sperm adhesion and penetration of the zona pellucida.

2. Affect embryonic development. There are many causes of immune infertility, such as infection, bilateral genital tract obstruction, extratesticular injury (sprain), testicular biopsy, cryptorchidism, varicocele, etc. It is especially important to inquire about the history of vasectomy.

3. Prevent sperm from passing through cervical mucus. Anti-sperm antibodies can cause sperm to clump together and hinder sperm activity. Sperm immobilizing antibodies have cytotoxic reactions, causing sperm death or affecting sperm activity. In addition, it may also have a certain impact on sperm metabolism and sperm contractile protein function.

4. Affect the activity of sperm enzymes and inhibit the dispersion of the zona pellucida and corona radiata, including:

① Acrosome protease: can promote sperm to pass through the zona pellucida and promote sperm-egg fusion;

② Sperm hyaluronidase: can disperse the cumulus ovary (corona radiata). Sperm antibodies mainly inhibit the activity of hyaluronidase and interfere with the dispersion of sperm.

5. Prevent sperm from passing through cervical mucus. Anti-sperm antibodies can cause sperm to aggregate into clumps, hindering sperm activity. Sperm braking antibodies have cytotoxic reactions, causing sperm death or affecting sperm activity. In addition, it may also have a certain impact on sperm metabolism and sperm contraction protein function.

6. Affect the activity of sperm enzymes and inhibit the dispersion of the zona pellucida and corona radiata, including: ① acrosomal protease: can promote sperm to pass through the zona pellucida and promote sperm-egg fusion; ② sperm hyaluronidase: can disperse the cumulus ovum (corona radiata). Sperm antibodies mainly inhibit the activity of hyaluronidase and interfere with the dispersion of sperm.

7. Affecting embryonic development. There are many reasons for immune infertility, such as infection, bilateral reproductive tract obstruction, extratesticular injury (sprain), testicular biopsy, cryptorchidism, varicocele, homosexuality (anal intercourse), etc., especially asking whether there is a history of vasectomy. Any reasons that can cause the destruction of the testicular blood-testicular barrier, infection of the accessory glands, high temperature or damage to the testicles, etc., which lead to the formation of sperm antibodies, can cause immune infertility.