Causes of menopausal irregularities

Menopause is quite damaging to some female friends. The most obvious features are body shape changes and skin changes. So at this time, female friends need to take good care of their skin, otherwise their skin will age prematurely, with wrinkles and yellow spots. However, the most influential factor is irregular menstruation, which will cause endocrine disorders in female friends and make them often lose their temper unconsciously.

Female menopause generally refers to the transition stage from fertility to infertility of women, that is, the period before and after menopause, generally determined to be 40 to 60 years old. Generally, menopause can only be confirmed as 12 consecutive months without menstruation. Natural menopause at the age of 40 or later is called physiological menopause, menopause after the age of 55 is called "late menopause", and menopause before the age of 40 is called "early menopause". Early menopause may be pathological menopause.

Therefore, as women enter menopause, the function of their ovaries begins to decline. First, the corpus luteum function progressively declines. When the follicles develop to a certain extent, they atrophy on their own and stop ovulating. No corpus luteum is formed, which manifests as a decline in reproductive function. The intervals between menstrual cycles are prolonged, manifesting as intermittent amenorrhea. The normal menstrual period of 20 to 30 days is reduced to 2 to 3 months or even longer. The menstrual flow may be normal or less than before, and the interval between menstruation gradually increases to 4 to 5 months or half a year, and then stops completely.

It is precisely because of the body's self-regulatory function that FSH can reach normal levels and ovulatory menstrual cycles occur. Therefore, sometimes women who have been infertile for many years suddenly become pregnant before menopause. As age increases, ovarian function changes from unstable to declining and unbalanced, often manifesting before menopause with irregular menstruation, menstrual cycle disorders, prolonged menstruation, and continuous bleeding, while symptoms such as premenstrual tension syndrome, cyclical breast pain, edema, and headaches disappear. Generally, from ovarian function decline to menstruation cessation, there are three types of menstrual changes:

(1) Occasional menstruation: The interval between menstrual cycles is long, from the normal 20 to 30 days to 2 to 3 months or longer. The menstrual flow may be normal or less than before, and the interval between menstruation may gradually increase to 4 to 5 months or half a year, and then stop completely.

(2) Menstrual cycle disorders: The normal menstrual cycle changes to irregular vaginal bleeding, which is sometimes prolonged or becomes continuous vaginal bleeding, which lasts for 1 to 2 months. Heavy vaginal bleeding may also occur, and the patient may develop anemia, sallow complexion, general fatigue, palpitations, and shortness of breath. In severe cases, hemoglobin may be significantly reduced. Some women have repeated bleeding, but generally after 1 to 2 years, menstruation stops completely. At this time, the doctor should conduct a detailed examination, first excluding bleeding caused by tumors. For women over 40 years old, a comprehensive examination or endometrial biopsy should be performed. After excluding the tumor, treatment is then continued for menopausal menstrual disorders. Menstrual cycle disorders are most common before menopause. It is reported that an observation of 282 premenopausal women revealed that 181 of them had menstrual cycle disorders, accounting for 63.8%.

(3) Sudden menopause: A small number of women have had normal menstrual cycles and periods in the past, but suddenly go through menopause; others have normal cycles, but only have a few periods where the amount of menstruation gradually decreases, and then menstruation suddenly stops. It was reported that 282 women with natural menopause were observed and found that 40 of them had sudden menopause, accounting for 14.1%. Therefore, the majority are the first two manifestations.

For most female friends, irregular menstruation is often delayed, and the amount of menstruation will even become much less than before, and the intervals between menstruation will become very long. Sometimes menstruation may come only once every two or three months. As time goes by, menstruation may come only once every 15 months, or even half a year, until finally their menstruation stops completely.