What to do if you have urethral pain in women

Urethritis is a common disease. It has many harmful effects. So what causes urethritis? How to prevent urethritis? In fact, urethritis is a common urinary tract infection. Patients with urethritis will experience frequent urination, painful urination, urgency and hematuria. Men may have urethral secretions in the acute phase. There are many causes of urethritis. Let us take a closer look at them below.

What causes urethritis?

Urethritis is a common disease that refers to inflammation of the urethral mucosa, which is more common in women. Clinically, it can be divided into acute and chronic, nonspecific urethritis and gonococcal urethritis. The latter two have similar clinical manifestations and must be differentiated based on medical history and bacteriological examination. It is mostly caused by retrograde invasion of pathogenic bacteria into the urethra.

Causes

Common causes of urethritis are as follows:

1. Urethral injury: abrasions of the urethral mucosa caused by urethral instrument examination can destroy the defense function of the urethral mucosa and lead to bacterial infection.

2. Foreign objects in the urethra: Foreign objects placed from the outside or stones in the urethra, etc., can cause urinary tract infection if left there for a long time.

3. Urethral obstruction: such as stenosis of the foreskin opening, stenosis of the external urethral opening, urethral stenosis, posterior urethral valve, urethral tumor, fusion of the female hymen and urethral opening, etc., due to poor urination, urine accumulates in the urethra, which may lead to secondary urethral infection.

4. Inflammation of adjacent organs, such as prostatitis, seminal vesiculitis, vaginitis or cervicitis, can spread to the urethra, which is often a stubborn lesion of chronic posterior urethritis.

5. Often related to sexual life, unclean sexual life can easily cause urinary tract infection.

Pathogenesis

The infection routes include ascending infection and descending infection. According to the different pathogens, they can be divided into:

1. The most common pathogens of nonspecific urethritis are Escherichia coli, Streptococcus and Staphylococcus.

2. Specific urethritis is also called gonorrheal urethritis, also known as gonorrhea. The pathogen is Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

3. The pathogens of non-gonococcal urethritis are Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Haemophilus bacillus, fungi, Trichomonas vaginalis, genital warts and herpes simplex virus.

pathology

In acute urethral inflammation, the external urethral opening is red and swollen, the edges are turned outward, the mucosal surface is often adhered by serous or purulent secretions, and sometimes there are shallow ulcers. Microscopically, mucosal edema can be seen, with infiltration of white blood cells, plasma cells and lymphocytes, dilation of capillaries, and congestion of the paraurethral glands or filling with piles of pus cells.

How can women prevent urethritis?

First, pay attention to personal hygiene habits and reduce the number of times you use sanitary pads. Sanitary pads have poor air permeability and can easily lead to a large number of vaginal bacteria multiplying, causing inflammatory reactions, and urethritis can easily occur. At the same time, female friends should also pay attention that after going to the toilet, they should wipe from front to back to prevent anal bacteria from being brought to the urethral opening and causing urethritis.

Second, develop good living habits and pay attention to vaginal hygiene, but do not rely too much on medicated washes. Just wash with clean water every day. Washes can easily destroy the growth of normal vaginal flora.

Third, make sure you have enough rest time and avoid overwork. Overwork will lead to a decrease in the body's immunity and create good conditions for bacterial invasion.

How can men prevent urethritis?

1. Advise the patient to avoid sexual activity before recovery; abstain from alcohol, spicy food, and drink plenty of water.

2. Make necessary isolation at home, and use bath towels, washbasins, bathtubs, toilets, etc. separately, or disinfect them after use.

3. Tell patients what safe sex is, what risky sex is, and how to avoid risky sex.

The population susceptible to urethritis includes not only women but also men. After suffering from urethritis, timely treatment is necessary, and attention should be paid to care after the treatment. Urethritis is very harmful to the human body. It will not only affect normal life, but also bring certain troubles to work, etc. So how to prevent urethritis?