Overview of complex endometrial hyperplasia

The uterus is a relatively fragile organ of the body and is easily infected by various diseases, so people should have a certain understanding of uterine diseases. Complex endometrial hyperplasia is also one of the diseases that occur in the uterus. This disease causes women to suffer a lot. Please see the detailed introduction and explanation below for an overview of the disease called complex endometrial hyperplasia.

The causes of endometrial hyperplasia are not yet fully understood, but the following phenomena and facts indicate that long-term estrogen stimulation is the main cause of the disease.

Anovulation may occur in adolescent girls, perimenopausal women, or in cases of disorder in a certain link of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis, polycystic ovary syndrome, etc. The endometrium is continuously affected by estrogen for a longer period of time without the opposition of progesterone and lacks the transformation of the cyclical secretory phase, and is in a state of hyperplasia.

In postmenopausal women receiving estrogen replacement therapy (ERT), endometrial hyperplasia was observed in 20% of women taking estrogen alone for 1 year.

Endometrial hyperplasia has also been observed in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer who have received long-term tamoxifen (TAM). Tamoxifen has a weak estrogen-like effect.

Clinical manifestations

1. Age

Atypical endometrial hyperplasia occurs in younger women. It can also occur in perimenopausal or postmenopausal women.

2. Menstrual status

Abnormal menstruation is one of the prominent symptoms of this disease. It is often manifested as irregular vaginal bleeding, infrequent menstruation or amenorrhea for a period of time followed by long-term heavy vaginal bleeding.

3. Fertility status

Long-term anovulation due to endocrine abnormalities reduces the fertility of such patients. The infertility rate in patients under 40 years old can reach 90%. The diagnosis relies on endometrial histology. The sampling methods include: endometrial biopsy, dilation and curettage, vacuum aspiration, and hysteroscopy. Since atypical endometrial hyperplasia often presents as scattered or single focal lesions, the entire endometrium may have various degrees of hyperplasia at the same time, and taking only a few tissue biopsies cannot reflect all changes in the endometrium. For perimenopausal women with atypical endometrial hyperplasia found during hysterectomy, 30%-50% of them also have well-differentiated adenocarcinoma.

The above is an introduction to the overview of complex endometrial hyperplasia. Some basic knowledge about complex endometrial hyperplasia is summarized in detail to make it easier for people to understand and understand the basic overview of complex endometrial hyperplasia. It makes complex endometrial hyperplasia, which was originally thought to be complicated, easier for people to understand.