How to treat polycystic ovary?

Female friends all know the importance of ovaries to us. The ovaries are where our eggs are released, and whether we can get pregnant and have a baby depends on them. If there is a problem with our ovaries, it will lead to symptoms such as infertility. So what is polycystic ovary? Polycystic ovary syndrome is a syndrome of endocrine disorders characterized by infrequent ovulation or anovulation, high androgen or insulin resistance, and polycystic ovaries.

Causes

The cause of PCOS is still unclear, and the pathological mechanisms involved are very complex. It is generally believed to be related to dysfunction of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis, adrenal dysfunction, genetics, metabolism and other factors.

1. Genetics

PCOS is an autosomal dominant, X-linked (sex-linked) inheritance, or a disease caused by gene mutation. The chromosome karyotype of most patients is 46,XX, and some patients show chromosome aberration or mosaicism such as 46,XX/45,XO/46,XX/46,XXq and 46,XXq.

2. Adrenarche hypothesis

PCOS originates from prepubertal adrenal disease, that is, when subjected to strong stress stimulation, the zona reticularis secretes too much androgen, which is converted into estrogen outside the gonads, feedback-induced disturbances in the GnRH-GnH release rhythm of the HP axis and an increase in the LH/FSH ratio, which subsequently causes increased ovarian androgen production, that is, the adrenal glands and ovaries jointly secrete more androgen, leading to hyperandrogenemia. Hyperandrogenism causes thickening of the ovarian capsule fibrosis, inhibits follicular development, and causes ovarian cystic enlargement and chronic anovulation.

Traditional Chinese medicine believes that this disease is mainly caused by kidney deficiency, phlegm and dampness, qi stagnation and blood stasis, damp heat in the liver meridians, etc., which lead to dysfunction of the kidney-tiangui-chongren-uterus axis, resulting in amenorrhea and infertility.

Clinical manifestations

1. Abnormal menstruation

Menstruation is scanty or amenorrhea may occur, and in a few cases, functional uterine bleeding may occur. It often occurs during adolescence and is characterized by irregular menstruation after menarche.

2. Hairy

It is relatively common, with an incidence rate of up to 69%. Due to the increase in androgen levels, the vellus hair on the upper lip, lower jaw, chest, back, middle of the lower abdomen, both sides of the upper thighs and around the anus may become thicker and more numerous, but the degree of hirsutism is not proportional to the androgen level. It may also be accompanied by acne, excessive facial sebum secretion, deep and rough voice, enlarged clitoris, Adam's apple and other signs of masculinization.

3. Infertility

Due to long-term anovulation, patients often suffer from infertility, and sometimes may have occasional ovulation or miscarriage, with an incidence rate of up to 74%.

There are many other causes of PCOS, such as obesity. In severe cases, polycystic ovary disease can cause excessive proliferation of the endometrium and increase the risk of endometrial cancer. The choice of treatment options is very complex and varies according to different symptom improvement and fertility requirements. Requires long-term attention. If you experience the above symptoms, be sure to go to the hospital for treatment in time.